The average Black male born today has a one in three chance that he will be incarcerated in his lifetime and Black women are also, have a higher chance than White women (Mauer & King, July, p. 1). Also Hispanic women have a one in 45 chance to be incarcerated in her lifetime. The statistics are not a positive refection on the state of the ethnic communities. “Nationwide, the rate of drug
In the 2000, there were 20,000 White people working for Microsoft, and 544 Black people working for Microsoft. That is the most incredible statistic I could find. 5) Racial discrimination is a serious problem in the Judicial System. About 98% of the Judges are White. Black men are 8 times more likely to be put in prison then White men.
For example the British crime survey (2007) found 90% of where the victim was white; at least one of the offenders was also white. However while victim surveys are useful in identifying ethnic patterns of offending, they have several limitations. They rely on a victim’s memory of events. Ben Bowling and Coretta Phillips (2002) found whites may over identify blacks, saying the offender was black even when not sure. They only cover personal crimes, which make up 20% of all
They feel the Democrats take their votes for granted and the Republicans are against them particularly as the majority are poor. Voter turnout for Whites was 66%, 65% of Blacks turned out to vote while Hispanic and Asian turnout rates were much lower and similar at about 49%. In relation to the 2004 President Election the voting rates for Blacks, Hispanics and Asians increased by about 4% points while the White voting rate decreased by 1%. Of the 5 million additional voters in 2008, approximately 2 million were Black, 2 million Hispanic and 600,000 Asian. These statistics show that ethnic minorities have made up the majority of additional voters, presenting the importance of ethnic minorities in the US political system.
First, females are rarely sentenced to death and executed, even though women committed 20 percent of all murders that have occurred in recent years. Second, a disproportionate number of nonwhites are sentenced to death and executed. A black man who kills a white person is 11 times more likely to receive the death penalty than a white man who kills a black person is. In Texas 1991, blacks made up 12 percent of the population, but 48 percent of the prison population and 55.5 percent of those on death row are black. Before the 1970's then the death penalty for rape was still used in many states, no white men were guilty of raping nonwhite women, whereas most black offenders found guilty of raping a white woman were executed.
However, on average black workers earned 50% less than their white counterparts. In 1986 a black man called Homer Plessy challenged segregation laws, claiming that they were incompatible with the 14th amendment. The Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal because it was legitimate to treat people according to the principle “separate but equal”. De facto was very different and African Americans were still treated as a lower ‘second’ class. Traditionally Black Americans had voted for the Republican Party.
Abstract This paper addresses the constitutionality and imposition of the death penalty. I will present some historic aspects of the use of the death penalty as well as constitutional issues that have risen through the years over its imposition and the execution of some convicts. Also I will discuss the general goals of sentencing and the various types of sentences available to judges. I will also review the constitutional rights and issues important in criminal sentencing especially as it pertains to the death sentence. At the end of the paper I will compare the death sentence to the alternative which is life in prison without parole- the deterrent effects on crimes, and the costs would be the main focus of the comparison.
Cody’s (2011) argument is that of error in relation to sentencing people to death row. He states that 75% of death row prisoners who were sent back for a retrial were found to have a sentence less than death and 7% were acquitted all together. Since 1976, of the 6000 people sent to death row, 80 of them have been cleared of any charges and 12 innocent people have been executed, on record in America. He also argues that America needs to join the majority of progressive and advanced nations and call for the elimination of the death penalty. Australia is one of these progressive countries that abolished capital punishment in 1973 and more recently amended the law which blocks any state or territory attempting to reinstate it (Lennan &Williams 2012).
New York has been known for its crime rate, with a population of 17,999,657 and 99.8% of police departments reporting, there were 761 murders in 2009. The biggest difference between the crime rates in the two cities in the size of population. Even though New York has more murders, the numbers have steadily been reduced thanks to zero tolerance policy in New York. Between 1990 and 1997, the number of murders in New York has dropped from 2,262 to 767 which is 66% drop in the murder rate. In 1997 there were actually the fewest murder numbers in New York since 1967.
Cameron Booker Criminology Dr. Anadi November 12, 2013 However, in 2002 about a quarter of convicted property and drug offenders in local jails had committed their crimes to get money for drugs, compared to 5% of violent and public order offenders. Among state prisoners in 2004 the pattern was similar, with property (30%) and drug offenders (26%) more likely to commit their crimes for drug money than violent (10%) and public-order offenders (7%). In federal prisons property offenders (11%) were less than half as likely as drug offenders (25%) to report drug money as a motive in their offenses. College student victims Overall 41% of violent crimes committed against college students and 38% of nonstudents were committed by an offender perceived to be using drugs, 1995-2000. About 2 in 5 of all rape/sexual assaults and about a quarter of all