One of these was the "land between the rivers," Mesopotamia, the "Fertile Crescent". Mesopotamia runs from what is today Israel on the Mediterranean Sea to Kuwait on the Persian Gulf and includes Iraq. The civilization of Mesopotamia developed a complete code of law under Hammurabi. Hammurabi is a literature written in cuneiform with stories of creation and a great flood, and practically indestructible buildings where the people worshipped a multitude of gods. Additionally, the other root was Egypt.
The buildings of the central government were typically open-air temples constructed of wood or sandstone. The earliest hieroglyphs appear just before this period, though little is known of the spoken language they represent. In about 3600 BC, Egyptian society along the Nile River began to grow and advance rapidly toward civilization. [2] A new and distinctive pottery, which was related to the pottery of the Southern Levant, appeared during this time. Extensive use of copper became common during this time.
The concept of a sacred space or area reserved for a particular deity or purpose was fundamental, as was the corollary theory that such designated areas could correspond to each other. Heaven reflected Earth, and macrocosm echoed microcosm. The celestial dome was divided into 16 compartments inhabited by the various divinities: major gods to the east, astral and terrestrial divine beings to the south, infernal and inauspicious beings to the west, and the most powerful and mysterious gods of destiny to the north. The deities manifested themselves by means of natural phenomena, principally by lightning. They also revealed themselves in the microcosm of the liver of animals (typical is a bronze model of a sheep's liver found near Piacenza, bearing the incised names of divinities in its 16 outside divisions and in its internal
In addition, he usually wears the united crowns of Egypt, the crown of upper Egypt and the crown of lower Egypt. He is a form of the rising sun, representing its earliest light. Heru-ur (Horus the Elder) In this form he represented the god of light and the husband of Hathor. He was one of the oldest gods of ancient Egypt. He became the patron of Nekhen (Hierakonpolis) and the first national god (God of the Kingdom).
Hesiod describes the gods as separate entities. Each of the gods takes on a different physical or psychological aspect of humanity. Hesiod’s gods create one another, “Great Heaven came, and with him brought the night. Longing for love, he lay around the Earth” (Hesiod, n.d., p. 58). Great Heaven and Earth bore Kottos and Gyes and Briarues, for example.
It included many historically important city states, including Assyria to the north, Elam to the south-east and Babylonia towards the centre. Today, most of Mesopotamia lies in Iraq but parts can also be located in Kuwait, Syria, Turkey and Iran, with Babylonia’s capital city Babylon (whose name translates to Gate of the Gods) lying 94 kilometres southwest of Baghdad. Babylonia, and particularly Babylon, soon rose quickly in power and status thanks to the early reign of a ruler known as Hammurabi. The sixth king of the first dynasty of Babylon forged coalitions between the separate city-states of Mesopotamia, and promoted science and scholarship. Hammurabi made Babylonia into an empire and the society was thriving - he also created the earliest written set of laws called The Code of Hammurabi.
And these are his names: Maker and Modler, Kukulkan, and Hurricane.”(79). Those were only part of the Gods, but it shows how many different ones there were. Also Heart of Sky is three gods named: Thunderbolt Hurricane, Newborn Thunderbolt, and Sudden Thunderbolt, which shows each of their jobs, while Genesis the one God did it all by himself. Genesis and Popol Vuh were very different, and even though they each had a God(s) they did way different
The Maya civilization is a historical Mesoamerican civilization, which extended throughout the northern Central American region which includes the present-day nations of Guatemala, Belize, western Honduras and El Salvador, as well as the southern Mexico. The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization, which was a pre-Colombian society. The Mesoamerican civilizations had very advanced characteristics of their cultures. The Maya, being one of the great civilizations had very complex and advance cultural characteristics of their time including, art, science, mathematics, language and architecture. The Maya was considered one of the most advance cultures of their time due to these great characteristics that they posses.
The middle pyramid was built by king Khafre at around 2520 B.C. The southernmost and last pyramid was built at around 2490 by king Menkaure. C. To construct such monuments required a mastery of art, exceptional architecture and a social organization that was unprecedented for the time. .. II. Most Important Pyramids of Egypt A.
Resurrection is the recreation of the physiological person; it is assumed that reincarnation of the person is reliant only on a deity. Christianity, Islam and Judaism all believe in the idea of resurrection. In the Old Testament the background of Resurrection are developed at different stages, also developing into the New Testament. The term ‘sheol’ is mentioned in the early parts of the Old Testament and is the Hebrew term for the ‘abode of the dead’ It is the idea of a murky underworld where everyone went after death. Hades was the Greek underworld, it was graphic and physical where there were different levels of judgment, one being Elysian which was paradise and the other Tartus which was for the sinners.