If the cost of installing new defences is met by the benefit of the area, then a SMP (Shoreline Management Plan) is developed. An SMP (Shoreline Management Plan) is a large-scale assessment of the risks associated with coastal processes and helps reduce the risks to people, agriculture and infrastructure. The organisation responsible for the SMP in north Norfolk is the Environment Agency. The SMP for North Norfolk has been split into two sub cells to make managing easier: Sub cell 3A and Sub cell 3B. Overstrand, Sea Palling, Happisburgh and Bacton are located in Sub cell
Nationally, Collaroy is the 3rd area most at risk of coastal processes. It is also the most highly capitalised beachfront in NSW. These topics are often debated by council and community members. The development of Collaroy is much different to that of Dee Why. While the main roads and shopping centres are relatively out of the way in Dee Why, that is not the case for Collaroy.
To what extent can coastlines be managed sustainably? The definition of sustainable is that something can endure over a period of time for example whether humans are going to be able to ‘sustain’ the planet despite what we are doing to it. Hard engineering is a technique that is used in coastal management. Some examples of hard engineering types are: Groynes, Rip rap, Sea Walls, concrete revetments, off-shore breakwaters and gabions. There are many disadvantages to hard engineering that can effect not only the environment but people.
At North Cronulla concrete footpaths were built on existing sand dunes. However, the natural process of sand erosion caused by the waves hitting the beach undermined the pathways and they started to collapse. To halt the erosion large river stones were placed underneath the length of the path to create a base on which interlocking honeycomb shaped bricks were concreted into place. A continuous sloping retainer wall was built that is approximately 330 metres long. The retainer wall has remained in place because it withstands the continual flow of water and wind erosion.
The type of processes which shape the coastal landscape all links together in a cycle. The dominance of these processes is the type of rock which they affect. For marine erosion it is resistant rock, whereas sub-aerial weathering affects less resistant rock more dominantly. These processes can be interrupted by coastal defences, which will cause certain processes from
Name another major river that joins the Hunter and locate which sea into which the Hunter River flows. Goulburn River 4. Cut and paste a map of the Hunter River Estuary into this document. 5. Outline 3 reasons why it is important to protect the Hunter River Estuary from environmental harm.
The tide is high Happisburgh Coastal erosion happisburugh Coastal erosion is when the water and/or wind carry out sediments of land; sediment is rocks, dirt and earth. It happens mostly on beaches and shorelines because they had no vegetation or plants to be a natural protection against the water. People believe that it is just the water that erodes the coast, but both the water and wind are main factors that constantly change the boundary between the land and water. The beach can be affected severely or lightly depending on the lunar tides and the difference in water density. Coastal erosion in Happisburgh Happisburgh is to the east of England and in 2001 had a population of 1,372 in 607 households.
Cost While flood defences can be effective at protecting property and resources, they can also be very expensive to install and maintain. For instance, a 3-foot section of sea wall costs approximately £6,500. If this sea wall can prevent millions of dollars in damage each year, then the potential damage may outweigh the cost. However, if the area is not prone to flood damage, the cost may not be justified. Protection Many types of flood defences, such as sea walls, offshore bar and rock revetments, provide significant protection to a coastline.
Assignment Report: Shoreline Property Assessment Part 1: Shoreline Property Assessment Version 3 Please delete the inappropriate option. Note: To delete the inappropriate option, select the option you want to remove and press delete on your keyboard. Top of Form Shoreline Property Assessment Site Property Erosion Hazard Rating Site 1 Klaster Safe Simpson Safe Site 2 Carter Safe Froughton Safe Site 3 Property 1 Safe Property 2 At Risk Site 4 Randall Safe Wilson At Risk Add your comments and rationale here: Site 1- Klaster is considered safe This site will benefit from sediment buildup between the two groins. The built groins will slow the long shore current. Recommended to buy as long as the groins are built close enough together (if not the groins will not succeed in their purpose).
Exam Question – Referring to a stretch of coast, explain the factors that have led to this coast suffering from erosion (10 marks) Many factors have led to erosion on the Holderness coast, in North East England. These may have been processes that have been taking a while, or something that occurs suddenly. There are three main reasons for the rapidly eroding coastline at Holderness; the geology, the fetch and longshore drift and beach material. The Holderness Coast is mainly two rock types; chalk and boulder clay. Chalk is fairly resistant and at places like Flamborough Head, it produces features such as cliffs, caves, arches and stacks.