These ratios will be calculated from the income statement, balance sheet and statement of cash flows Liquidity Liquidity Ratios measure a company’s ability to meet its short-term debt obligations without disrupting normal operation. The higher the ratio the better a company will be at meeting its short-term obligations as well as have extra cash to cover any unforeseen cash requirements. The liquidity measures we will use are the current ratio, current cash debt ratio, inventory turnover, average days in inventory, receivable turnover ratio and average collection period. The current ratio measures the company’s ability to pay its short-term liabilities (payables and debt) with short-term assets (cash, receivables and inventory). Tootsie Roll exceeds its ability to meet short-term debt obligations with $3.45 in current assets for every $1 in current liabilities.
Furthermore, the cost of the formerly unemployed, i.e. job seekers allowance, could now be redistributed through government spending, further increasing AD, to be spent on education in order to cure structural unemployment (decline in certain industry), and increase long term economic growth. However, the extent to which an increase in exports may reduce unemployment is dependant upon the current rates of unemployment. For example, if employment rates are already very high, an increase in exports would have little to no effect, as frictional unemployment,
Monetary policy is the use of interest rates to manipulate the level of aggregate demand in the economy and loose (expansionary) monetary policy is a reduction in the interest rates. This will result in an injection of extra consumption because it is cheaper to borrow money on credit cards and therefore allowing consumers to spend more which will cause an increase in aggregate demand (AD). Additionally, extra consumption will allow shops to gain more profit preventing “business failures.” Furthermore, mortgages will be cheaper and therefore consumers feel richer and there will an extra injection of consumption. AD will also increase due to an increase in investment, causing an increase in aggregate demand from AD1 to AD2 as shown below. However,
Solutions 1.0 Tax policy By reducing tax may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional
It may also contribute to greater productivity, resulting in a lower inflation rate that would help retirement savings go further. As the proportion of retirees in the U.S. grows, one of the challenges for a shrinking workforce is to produce enough goods and services for both themselves and the retired population. More investment capital in the private sector should result in the kind of productivity gains necessary to meet that challenge. An Impact on the Market Privatization would also have a significant impact on the financial markets, especially the stock market. Younger individuals are likely to invest most of their contributions in stocks, and the increased demand would propel stock prices higher.
Explain how an increase in federal budget deficit due to recession can stabilize the economy. A deficit means that the government spends more than it receives in tax revenues in a given year (O’Sullivan, Sheffrin, & Perez 2010, p. 374). The total deficit is spending, plus all the interest payments on top of the original debt, minus the total tax revenue (http://www.blurtit.com). There are three factors, known as automatic stabilizers, that affect and stabilize the economy, they are: 1) government purchases of goods and services, such as public safety, government transfer of payments, and unemployment insurance, 2) Medicaid or Medicare etc.,and 3) the collection of taxes. If the government cut taxes or increases transfer payments such as unemployment insurance and food stamps this helps to offset the decrease in household income.
By focusing on the opportunities created by this current consumer trend, the belief is they can expand the current market shares. Lowe’s can continue to deliver the great values that customers have come to expect while maintaining their reputation for offering innovative products and always striving to create a superior shopping experience. To deliver an even better experience at a value, they continually look for opportunities within their corporate office, field support and stores to work more efficiently. For example, Lowe’s refines their product categories based on the role each plays in their overall merchandising portfolio. This allows them to allocate resources, like inventory and marketing dollars, to optimize the portfolio.
d) The equilibrium interest rate increases to bring desired investment into equilibrium with the reduced quantity of national saving. e) The equilibrium quantity of investment is reduced via the increase in the interest rate by an amount equal to the increase in government spending. Question 5 (15 marks) a) capital is added. No, MPK does not diminish because it does not decline as more is also acceptable. b) L = 100: L = 110: L = 120: 0. .
If the interest rate is low, it will cause more funds to be available, greater expansion and increased employment. If the interest rate is high, it will cause fewer funds to be available, less expansion, and decreased employment. Fiscal policy is an important tool for managing the economy because of its ability to affect the total amount of output produced or the gross domestic product. The first impact of a fiscal expansion is to raise the demand for goods and services. This greater demand leads to increases in both output and prices.
The Federal Reserve can prevent inflation by changing the interest rates on money that banks and business borrow. If it looks like the economy is likely to inflate, the Federal Reserve will raise interest rates. This reduces growth in money, making it more expensive for banks and businesses to borrow. Banks and businesses cannot expand if they can’t borrow. The less expansion, the less inflation.