5. Discuss the role of nitrates, beta blockers, and ACE-inhibitors in the patient with an AMI. Nitrates is used to increase collateral blood flow, redistributing blood flow toward the subendocardium; beta blockers is used to reduce heart rate, decrease sympathetic stimulation of the compromised myocardium and prevent life threatening dysrhythmias. ACE inhibitors to prevent ventricular remodeling and the development of heart failure.
Ebright, DNS, CNS, RN. "Therapeutic Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest: What, Why, Who, and How." American Nurse Today 6.7 (2011): 1-3. Web. This article talks about the effects of cardiac arrest and how therapeutic hypothermia can improve the outcome of these patients.
BIOS 255 WEEK 5 Lab 5 - Lymphatic System & Disease Resistance 1. Describe lymphatic system functions. The three major functions of the lymphatic system are: 1) It drains excess interstitial fluid from tissue spaces and return it to the blood. 2) It transports lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. 3) It carries out immune responses directed against particular microbes or abnormal cells.
Impedance Plethysmography and Compression ultrasound scanning of the left leg veins also useful in aiding diagnosis of DVT and Thrombophlebitis. CT or MRI scans: Provide visual images that indicate the presence of blood clots D dimer blood test: Typically elevated in patients with DVT and Thrombophlebitis Blood test: To check for hypercoagulability to include the following: Primary coagulation studies, PT, APTT, Fibrinogen Liver Enzymes, renal function and electrolytes Urinalysis and occult blood Tx: Coumadin 5mg 1 tablet oral every evening for DVT Fragmin 12,500 units inject subcutaneously every 24hours daily x 7days for DVT Tylenol ES 1-2 tablets oral every 6hours as needed for pain D/C Aspirin 81mg, 1 tablet oral daily Blood tested 2x weekly or as needed based on INR levels to assess effect of anticoagulant therapy Elevate legs, maintaining slight knee flexion, while in
Cardiovascular System and the Cardiologist What is the cardiovascular system? The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart, blood vessels, and approximately 5 liters of blood that various types of vessels transport. The heart is a muscular organ located medial of the lung along thoracic region of the body. The southernmost tip of the heart, known as the apex, is slightly turned to the left, as a result, two-thirds of the heart is located on the left side of the body, and one-third is located on the right. The largest blood vessels of the body is also located here, the aorta, vena cava, pulmonary trunk, and pulmonary veins.
When a doctor checks a patient’s blood pressure, he is measuring how strongly blood presses against the walls of the arteries as it is pumped around your body by the heart. If this pressure is too high it puts a strain on the arteries and the heart, which raises the risk that a patient will suffer a heart attack, stroke or kidney disease. Blood pressure is
Feedback: INCORRECT C) Assign a UAP to monitor blood pressure q15 minutes. Feedback: INCORRECT D) Administer through a large gauge catheter. Feedback: CORRECT E) Monitor hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Feedback: CORRECT F) Assess for increased bleeding after administration. Feedback: CORRECT Feedback: INCORRECT (A, D, E, and F) are the correct selections.
“Milk” the tube frequently to avoid blockage by fibrin plugs or clots. Change the connecting tube and bottle at least once every 48 hours. (Rajan, Kulkarni 2012) Assure placement by chest x-ray after insertion , monitor vital signs, breath sounds, tracheal deviation, respiratory status, and O2 saturation. (MICUNURSING 2011) Complications of chest tubes, blocked tube due to positioning. Sometimes the tube gets trapped in the major fissure of the lung.
The very first thing a nurse must do is look at her patient, and assess whether the breathing is within normal limits, or if it is labored. Then assess the chest movements for even respirations, if uneven the patient may have a pneumothorax. Then blood glucose should be done since some patients don’t know the signs of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. This is done with a glucometer, a small hand held device that assess a drop of blood and then gives a reading of the patient’s blood glucose level. Normal levels are between 70-110.
values. Evaluate if patient is having chest discomfort or sign of edema. Assess patient’s knowledge of medical conditions and current treatments, including knowledge about the medications he is taking. Explain the reason why the patient is receiving medication TSH and fT4 level for thyroid function. Follow up with Echocardiogram to evaluate ejection fraction.