Athenian Democracy Essay

783 Words4 Pages
During the period 500-440BC, there were a number of radical changes to the government system in Athens, which were seen to make it more democratic. The term democratic refers to rule or government by the people or citizens of the area, here referring to the male citizens over 18 years of age. Prior to this period, in the 6th century BC, Athenians Solon and Kleisthenes had begun the transfer to Democracy through the creation of isonomia, or 'equality under the law'. They did this by attempting to lessen the power of the aristocracy, and through the institution of various political bodies, such as the Boule and the Ekklesia. Later leaders of Athens, such as Themistokles, Kimon, Ephialtes and Perikles built upon such reforms. The main changes included the establishment of popular courts, Heliaia, which were given extra powers by Ephialtes during the late 460’s, while the Areopagus lost powers. Selection by lot, was instituted, instead of voting, for all positions apart from those requiring necessary skills, such as the strategoi. This was seen to lessen the power associated with certain positions, such as archon, yet made the selection fairer and more open. In addition, some of the traditional powers of the archons, were transferred to the strategoi, increasing their role, yet at the same time, decreasing the power of the archon. In addition it was ruled that there would be a rotation of office, to prevent the same person holding the same position endlessly. This and the selection by lot were implemented to ensure that a cross-section of citizens, representative of the whole state were employed, giving equal involvement to all in state affairs. There were a number of causes for the changes between 500-440, with two of the most notable being the Persian wars and Athens newfound imperialism. At this time Athens’ remained an agrarian society, with her citizens

More about Athenian Democracy Essay

Open Document