Analysis of Herman Melville's Bartleby

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Hope Perkins Professor Matthew Eatough English 117w 21 September 2012 Perkins 1 Analysis of Symptom and Ideological Fantasy in “Bartleby” In Herman Melville’s “Bartleby,” the narrator, a senior lawyer who works on Wall Street, gives his account of working with a perplexing scrivener named Bartleby. The narrator has three other employed scriveners who each have their share of issues (alcoholism, hot-bloodedness, etc.). Bartleby leaves him (the narrator) more mystified than any of the others. Bartleby confounds the narrator’s fantastic worldview by throwing a wrench in the “machine” that is the Wall Street way of life. Bartleby consistently tells the narrator that he would “prefer” to not do this or that, and the narrator becomes quite fixated on this strange phrase. The psychoanalytic perspective introduced by Žižek in his Sublime Object of Ideology presents a lens for looking at the narrator’s obsessive use of the word “prefer” in Melville’s tale. Once this word has been introduced in the story, the narrator becomes infatuated with the word to the point that he uses it in almost inappropriate situations. Žižek’s ideas allow the reader to see the logic (or lack thereof) behind the narrator’s developing psychosis regarding his fantasies and symptoms. The narrator’s fantastic worldviews regarding his firm, Wall Street, and people are thwarted by Bartleby’s humanizing use of the word “prefer.” The narrator has produced what Žižek would refer to as “ideological fantasies” regarding his law practice, Wall Street, and the world in general. A fantasy, for Žižek, is (simply put) a disconnect between what one believes to be real and what is real (pages 30-32). The narrator is under the impression that the world, his office in particular, functions smoothly, like a well-oiled Perkins 2 machine (like Wall

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