It also has strategies to invest in value stocks, which have high book-to-market ratio and constantly outperformed growth stocks. DFA considers itself as a passive manager because in general DFA sold shares only if a stock no longer fit the portfolio it was in- if a small stock became large, or a value stock became a growth stock. So the constant change of the portfolio structure can be considered as one passive aspect of its strategy whereas precisely matching the holdings of the index portfolio would require DFA to buy discounted stocks in large blocks in which DFA’s traders took several steps to minimize the likelihood that they were being sold a lemon. 2) Who are DFA’s clients, and what are their concerns? What new clients is DFA trying to serve, and what are some of the new issues DFA will face in meeting these clients’ needs?
Dimensional Fund Advisors, 2002 Case Analysis Introduction Dimensional Fund Advisors (DFA) was an investment firm founded in 1981 by Booth and Rex Sinquefield with focused on investing in stocks of small capitalization. DFA was dedicated to the principle of efficient stock market. In additional to efficient markets, DFA believes in two other principles: the value of sound academic research and the ability of skilled traders to contribute to a fund’s profits even when the investment was inherently passive. * My thought of the firm I think the DFA’s business strategy with beliefs on the core principles would make it profitable comparing with other investment peers, which has been proven by its strong return of U.S. small Cap value portfolio shown in Exhibit 8. The DFA also believes to purse high net worth individuals that would increase its total management assets so as to generate more profits through registered investment advisors (RIAs), showing significant assets growth over time in Exhibit 2.
These RIAs helped DFA offer its high net worth investors the same low cost small and microcap investment vehicles, while making these investments relatively more liquid in the secondary market. Furthermore, in the late 90s, when the tax laws became fairly harsh on individual investors, DFA started offering tax managed funds to lower the overall tax burden on the gains from those funds. However, compared to DFA’s other funds, these tax managed funds were relatively more challenging for DFA to manage, as DFA had to continuously balance the funds while considering tradeoffs between tax benefit and transaction costs to determine net benefit to the portfolio. 5) Explain the DFA small and value
(Why do you think? Make a convincing argument as a DFA representative.) 5) Try to explain the DFA small and value stock strategies in both rational and irrational/behavioral terms. What do the efficient market enthusiasts say about the performance of small stocks over large ones, and the performance of high book-to-market equity (BE/ME) or “value” stocks over low BE/ME or
RSC wants to make sure they get paid in the event of a sale or liquidation of the company. The PCPT feature was deemed necessary by RSC because management of Metapath could sell the company at a small step up from the current round of financing with significant profits, leaving RSC with little more than they put in. How would RSC’s participating preferred interact with the other tranches of preferred stock? Tranches C& D would receive less because of the liquidity preference for PCPT in the event of a sale. Tranches A & B would receive their money back.
They are losing market shares to securities firms that are not so strictly regulated and to foreign financial institutions operating without much restriction from the Act. 2. Conflicts of interest can be prevented by enforcing legislation against them and by separating the lending and credit functions through forming distinctly separate subsidiaries of financial firms. 3. The securities activities that depository institutions are seeking are both low-risk, by their very nature, and would reduce the total risk of organizations offering them, by
These two markets were chosen so that Techsol could position a high volume small margin offering to the markets that would stabilize production due its substantial need. The other side of that was to produce a lower volume high margin offering that would be easy to add to the production, with little additional overhead, and would add a good profit to the bottom line. TechSol chose to enter two large markets initially to take advantage of economies of scale for its production facilities to improve its cost position over its competitors to be able to enter the market at a lower price point than the competition. The market strategy of the company was to enter the market with a
Penetration pricing uses low initial prices to gain market share and slowly increases the price to its normal level. Economy pricing offers basic products that have the lowest customer price possible. Skimming is a price strategy in which companies set high initial product prices that decrease to match lower prices from new competitors. Bundle pricing is a strategy where companies include several different products under one price. This allows a business to provide more products to consumers at a slightly lower price.
et powerECO204: Homework Assignment 3 1. True, False, Uncertain a. A firm that enjoys economic rents earns higher economic profits than other firms without the economic rents. b. Relative to the perfectly competitive equilibrium, the equilibrium outcome for a market dominated by a monopsonist will be higher prices and lower levels of good demanded.
dollar relative to other currencies also affect employment levels. According to Economist Christina Romer wrote in May 2011: "A weaker dollar means that our goods are cheaper relative to foreign goods. That stimulates our exports and reduces our imports. Higher net exports raise domestic production and employment. Foreign goods are more expensive, but more Americans are working.