Exothermic and endothermic reactions. First law of thermodynamics and enthalpies of reactions. Calculate standard enthalpies of formations (using the equation on page 191). Electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect and continuous and line spectra. Energy levels and electron configurations (including representation using orbital diagrams) of several common elements on the periodic table.
Introduction: Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry concerned with measuring the proportions of elements that combine during chemical reactions (Bing). The mole ratio, which is the comparison of moles of a given reactant or product in an equation, is essential to the proper usage of stoichiometry. In the following experiments, stoichiometry and mole ratios were used to accurately predict and obtain missing proportions from the given equations. In the stoichiometry of a neutralization reaction experiment, the molarity and type of acid were predicted by the titration of an unknown acid using .1 molar (M) Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH). In the other, aluminum leftovers, the activity series was used to understand how and why the reaction took place and stoichiometry was used to predict the amount of aluminum that should have reacted in the following equation: 3CuCl2 * 2H2O (aq) + 2Al (s) 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3Cu (s) + 6H2O Stoichiometry’s importance in the laboratory is well defined in the results of the previously mentioned experiments.
Double displacement reaction: Chemical reactions in which one component each of both the reacting molecules is exchanged to form the products. 3. What does the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction mean? Why is it important? Stoichiometry is a section of chemistry that involves using the relationships between reactants or products in a chemical reaction to determine the desired quantitive data.
ABSTRACT: The lab of “observations of chemical changes” was to observe the changes that occur in chemical reactions and attempt to interpret these changes. In these experiments it taught me how to interpret chemical reactions with acids and bases. Also, how one chemical can have many different reactions when combined with other chemicals and how to interpret each reaction as what it could mean. I discovered not only how to measure out a well-balanced chemical combination to receive a reaction but to know how to test for acids and bases using a few different methods. Other tests also included in this experiment were testing for Sodium Bicarbonate, and Starch.
There are several types of titrations: Acid-base titrations are based on the neutralization reaction between the analyte and an acidic or basic titrant. Redox titrations are based on an oxidation-reduction reaction between the analyte and titrant. Complexometric titrations are based on the formation of a complex between the analyte and the titrant. Ex: the chelating agent EDTA is very commonly used to
Returning a year later 47% of spurters had made significant progress. Teachers beliefs about pupils were influenced by the test results, the teacher conveyed these beliefs to the pupils through interactions like body language, attention and encouragement. By accepting the prediction that some pupils would spurt ahead teachers bought this about, the fact that the spurters were selected at random and not based on the iq test shows that if a teacher believes a pupil is a certain type, they can make them that way. Rosenthal and Jacobsons findings show an important interactionist principle that what people believe to be true, will have real effects- even if not true origionally. We know that if a teacher has low expectations of a child and communicates these in interactions, this could lead to a negative self concept.
Therefore, according to Hess’s law, the heat of reaction of the one reaction should be equal to the sum of the heats of reaction for the other two. This concept is sometimes referred to as the additivity of heats of reaction. The primary objective of this experiment is to confirm this law. The reactions we will use in this experiment are: 18 - 1 Computer 18 You will use a Styrofoam cup in a beaker as a calorimeter, as shown in Figure 1. For purposes of this experiment, you may assume that the heat loss to the calorimeter and the surrounding air is negligible.
Standards-Based Assessments Standards-based assessment is the primary outcome of standards-based reform. Well-designed tests ensure that all students have the knowledge and skills that they need to succeed at the next level. By using multiple and diverse sources, teachers can be certain that they have enough evidence to assess student learning. Understandably, the new way of teaching has had some teachers in a quandary as to the best method for panning lessons. Since the author is not currently teaching in the
At the elementary level, we are shaping how students feel about themselves which can affect them the rest of their lives. At the high school level, we have the opportunity to truly inspire and make a child feel as if someone believes in them. While teachers can do so many positive things with this power, they can also do much harm (as Dr. Wayson spoke on). I really enjoyed this section of his talk, however, my one critique is that I felt Dr. Wayson didn’t practice what he was preaching here. Perhaps he was leading by an alternate example or giving examples of what not to do, but I felt that Dr. Wayson picked on many of the members of the class.
But at the same time it’s really not fair to compare their performance with your English speaking students. So there is a must need for standard based instruction that pertains to the needs of just ELLs. If we try to hold them to the standards of native English speaking students this could actually hurt their self esteem since they probably would never reach the same goals on the same level. Also it could lead to an ELL being missed diagnosed with a learning disability (LD). This is why there have been some efforts to develop English Language Development (ELD) standards.