How Can the Way in Which We Organise Our Thinking by Using Mental Images, Concepts and Schemas Help Us to Improve Our Memory?

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How can the way in which we organise our thinking by using mental images, concepts and schemas help us to improve our memory? Part A Introduction: 1. The ways of thinking: • semantic thought ( words and meanings) • iconic thought (mental images and pictures) • enactive thought (impressions of actions) Main body: 1. Mental images: • the key word technique • Michael Raugh and Richard Atkinson (1975) experiment • mnemonics 2. Concepts: • concept formation • Weston Bousfield (1953) experiment 3. Schemas: • mental framework used by Jean Piaget • Bransford and Marcia Johnson (1972) experiment Conclusion: • Short summary of an essay Part B Human brain is a very complex structure and thinking is probably the most difficult process to describe. There are three ways of thinking: First, semantic thought is thinking based on words or the inner conversation. Second, iconic thought is thinking based on using mental images or thinking in pictures and third, enactive thought is thinking based on impressions of actions. I am going to talk about the way we organise our thinking by using mental images, concepts and schemas. I will start with briefly definition, followed by Spoors et al. (2011) suggestions how can we use them to improve recall. Using mental images is the first method of organising our thinking. Mental image is a picture or idea formed in the mind. Experiments have been carried out that we will remember verbal or written information better if we also form a mental image. This works well if the pictures we create are large, colourful and bizarre, because our memory is better for peculiar items rather than everyday items. To explain this in more depth I am going to use a basic vocabulary experiment witch was stated by Spoors et al. (2011). The first step is to imagine a picture of a bell with a lid on it, which has a bad

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