13 Principles Of Good Design

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13 Principles of Good Design Perceptual Principles 1. Bottom-Up Factors Avoid absolute judgment limits 2. Top-Down Processing Perception & interpretation Mental models how individuals can create representations of environments in their heads Expectancies greater expectation of a particular environmental stimulus results in greater susceptibility to that stimulus 3. Redundancy Gain By using multiple codes to convey the same information, the message is strengthened and more easily recognized (eg: colour and position, words and symbols) 4. Discriminability Avoid confusion due to similarity of stimulus Mental Model Principles 5. Pictorial realism Displays and signs/symbols should mirror the real world concept it represents 6. Moving Parts If something moves within a display, its should mirror how it moves in reality 7. Ecological interface design Integrates information in most simplistic fashion so that it does not require high magnitude of effort to understand Attention Principles 8. Minimise information ‘access cost’ Minimise requirements of shifting attention between different displays 9. Proximity compatibility If multiple pieces of information are connected, their interrelationship should be clearly visible on the display 10. Multiple Resources For large amounts of information, different stimulus modes may be used (eg: vision and sound) Memory Principles 11. Predictive aiding Anticipates what information people will need to remember in order to execute tasks they intend. 12. Knowledge in the real world Display information should tell/advise people what to do. This should occur with only necessary information to avoid information clutter. 13. Consistency Standardisation and generalisation of information provided helps maintain said information in long term memory. (Adapted from Macdonald, 2006; Wickens, et al.
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