Motivational Theories And Factors

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Motivational Theories and Factors Name PSY 302 Instructor: Name Date Motivational Theories and Factors There are several different theories for motivation; one theory is that of Abraham Maslow, another is called the expectancy theory. Abraham Maslow developed Maslow’s need hierarchy theory which arranges needs into a pyramid-shaped model that placed physiological needs on the bottom and self-actualization needs on the top (DuBrin, 2004). The expectancy theory describes human motivation as exerting more effort in the expectancy of that effort leading to a desired outcome. Understanding what these two theories are in more depth will help provide different ways to motivate others in the workplace. Maslow’s need hierarchy consisted from top to bottom of self-actualization, esteem, social, belongingness, and love, safety, and physiological needs (Benabou, et. al, 2002). Self-actualization is reaching personal fulfillment, people are motivated to become the person they want to become. Motivation by increasing self-esteem so that they may be respected by others and viewed in a positive light. This type of motivation is similar to social needs in respects such as acceptance; acceptance by friends, family, and finding love. Safety is another reason for motivation; to stay out of harm, which also relates to the physiological needs such as satiation, shelter, sleep. All of these factors are reasons people are motivated, but there are other reasons explained in the expectancy theory. People are motivated to react a certain way, perform a certain way; behave a certain way because they will get the outcome that they deserve. A child will behave so they do not get in trouble or will be praised by their parents. A husband will buy his wife flowers because he loves her and knows it will make her happy and feel that love. People will work
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