Lab Partner: Jason Wallace 02/17/09 LAB ABSTRACT: In this experiment unknown substances were identified by performing different flame tests on known substances. The substances identity was obtained by placing salt solutions of a metallic ion and observing the color of the emitted photon light. INTRODUCTION: By placing atoms of a substance into a flame it can absorb energy and jump into an excited state; called a quantum jump. After absorbing energy and leaping into an excited state, the atoms return back to their original ground state by emitting a photon of light. According to the law of conservation of energy the same amount of energy used to make the quantum jump is released when the photon light is emitted.
Astronomy 10 Chapter 11 1. Both used to be normal stars but the white dwarf ran out of hydrogen, they are both subjected to gravitational theories. A Neutron star is a fluid of neutrons, as hot at its surface as the inside of the sun and has a greater magnetic field. 3. Because its density is so high, neutrons spin in the same way that electrons do so must obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
Prominences 1. Prominences are immense clouds of glowing gases that erupt from the upper chromosphere. 2. The loops or arches of gases may shoot as high as 100 000 kilometres from the surface of the Sun. This allows some of the surface gases, mainly hydrogen and helium, to escape into space.
The Flame Test Lab Objective- Given Materials- Given Procedure- Given Results- Element Color Sr- Red Orange Ba- Yellow Orange Na- Bright Orange Li- Hot Pink Ca- Orange Cu- Green, Aqua, Blue Conclusion Questions- 1. The process by which the colored flame is produced is the release of light energy. When heat energy is added to an element, its electrons move from their ground state, to an excited state. This means the element's electrons are jumping from one orbital to another. When the heat is released, the electron then jumps back into its ground state, or back into its original orbital.
Radiographic film on the opposite side of the source is exposed when it is struck by radiation passing through the objects being tested. More radiation will pass through if there are cracks, breaks, or other flaws in the metal parts and will be recorded on the film. By studying the film, structural problems can be detected. Co-60 is used because it is an emitter of gamma rays which will penetrate metal parts. Co-60 has a half-life of 5.3 years and can be used in a chemically inert form held inside a sealed container.
Planck's constant: the constant relating the change in energy for a system to the frequency of the electromagnatic radiation absorbed or emitted, equal to 6.626 X 10^-34 J 5. Quantization: the concept that energy can occur only in discrete units called quanta 6. Photon: a quantum of electromagnetic radiation 7. Photoelectric effect: ejection of electrons from a substance by incident electromagnetic radiation, especially by visible light 8. E=mc^2: Einstein's equation proposing that energy has mass; E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light 9.
(b) The energy for ATP synthesis is furnished by light-induced electron transfer in the chloroplasts. What is the minimum voltage drop necessary (during transfer of a pair of electrons) to synthesize ATP under these conditions? (You may need to refer to Eqn 13–7, p. 515.) Answer (a) G G RT ln [ATP] [ADP][Pi] (2.48 kJ/mol) ln 1.2 10 4 10 6) (7.0
The electrons formed during photolysis then replace those excited by the light. The excited electrons are then passed along the electron transport chain in a series of redox reactions from one carrier to the next. The energy released by this passage is used
As Model Science (2011) explains, the experiment will show that as the salt with the metal is “burned, the electrons will be excited (i.e., move to another energy level) and as these electrons fall back from one energy level to another, they will emit photons of light. These photons will have different colors depending on the element and its discrete energy levels”. In other words, “different wavelengths of light (colors) will be emitted when the electrons of different elements go down the step(s) between their energy level(s). In addition, each element will have its own set of energy levels and therefore each will have its own color or set of colors (Model Science, 2011)”. As an example, Model Science (2011) provided “sodium burns orange, potassium -purple/blue, barium - green, and lithium – red”.
Alkanes respond with halogen, (for example, chlorine or bromine) when the mixture is presented to ultraviolet light (symbolized as hv or UV) or when warmed to high temperature (200 - 400c)). The capacity of ultraviolet light is to give vitality to the homolytic cleavage of halogen (Cl-Cl or Br-Br). The items are haloalkanes (RX) and hydrogen halides (Hx) .The halogenation of alkanes is a free radical substitution response, in which the system includes start, spread and end steps. The monosubstitution of alkanes alludes to the substitution response where there is one and only hydrogen molecule in alkanes substituted by halogen free radical. General mechanism The chain component is as per the following, utilizing the chlorination of methane as an issue illustration: 1.