Women In The American Civil War

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The American Civil War filled many raging battlefields from 1861-1865. However, men were not the only ones who charged into the battlefields. Women suffered the same cruelties of war as the men. They “bore arms and charged into battle, too. Like the men, there were women who lived in camp, suffered in prisons, and died for their respective causes.” 1 Although the Union and Confederate armies strictly forbade women from enlisting as soldiers, it did not deter them from assuming masculine names and identities. Since most of these brave women hid their identities so well, it is impossible to get an accurate count of how many women actually served. Some historians “estimate that at least one thousand women, maybe several thousand total, served…show more content…
Living in the camps as young shy boys who knew nothing about war was not that uncommon. Some women like Mary Owens and “John Williams” were fortunate to serve in the military ranks successfully. Mary Owens, who served under the alias John Evans, was discovered after she was wounded in the arm. She was sent back to her Pennsylvania home where she received a warm welcome and press coverage. John Williams of the 17th Missouri Infantry, Company H, was a nineteen-year-old Soldier enlisted on 3 October 1861, in St. Louis. Later that month, John Williams was discharged on the grounds of “proved to be a woman”. 3 Some records even show that Sarah Edmonds, a Canadian by birth, assumed the alias of Franklin Thompson and enlisted in the 2nd Michigan Infantry on 25 May 1961. She performed such duties as a nurse, mail, and dispatch carrier. Sarah deserted on 19 April 1863 because she contracted malaria and feared her gender would be discovered once she was hospitalized. Sarah married in 1867 and raised three children. In 1886, she received a government payment based on her military service. A letter from the secretary of war, dated 30 June 1886, acknowledged her as “a female soldier who….served as a private…rendering faithful service in the ranks.” 4 Another woman documented as serving was Mary Scaberry, who joined the 52nd Ohio Infantry as Charles Freeman. She…show more content…
Loreta served in the Confederate army under the alias Lt. Harry Buford. Loreta’s autobiography is one of the most criticized stories of all women soldiers. Loreta wrote and published The Woman in Battle in 1876 which most historians believe to be false and nothing but a young girl’s romantic tall tales. Loreta’s autobiography tells how she practiced the masculine role when her husband helped dress her up in men’s attire and enter bar rooms. Her husband hoped it would discourage her from wanting to enlist and fight in the army. To his dismay, Loreta was successful at entering a man’s world and rather enjoyed the adventure and the thrill of being discovered. She wore padded clothes to give her the appearance of a muscular man and even wore a false mustache. Lt. Harry Buford was anything but a frail woman. Loreta did not want to be labeled as a
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