With Reference to Relevant Theories and the Empirical Evidence, Analyse the Main Causes and Consequences of Chronic Inflation in de-Veloping Countries

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Introduction Inflation is said to be the sustained increase in the general level of prices for goods and ser-vices, measured as an annual percentage increase, causing the internal value of money to de-crease. As a result, a unit of currency within the nation where it is legal tender for example the Pound Stirling in the United Kingdom purchases less, so if the inflation rate in the United Kingdom is 2% annually, then theoretically packet of biscuits that cost 1 Pound Stirling (£1) in 2011 will cost 1.02 Pounds Stirling (£1.02) in 2012. In this essay, I will define the different types of inflation, outline the basic theories that at-tempt to explain the causes of inflation and explore the consequences of inflation in develop-ing countries. Types of Inflation There are three identified common types of inflation • Creeping Inflation, also known as low to moderate inflation, could be described as a natural rate of inflation and is mainly experienced in stable economies where a nation tries to maintain a target inflation rate of 1-2%. However, depending on the country’s economy it may reach 6%. The chart below shows an example of the creeping inflation rate in the euro area which consists of those member states of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their currency, between July 2011 and January 2013. Fig. 1 Sourced from Wikipedia • Chronic Inflation is a condition where there is creation of new money by monetary authorities that causes prices of goods to increase thus decreasing the purchasing power of money more than 20% per annum over an extended period (Sennholz, 1972; Harberger, 1978). This has been said to be a twentieth-century phenomenon, and the concept was first introduced by Pazos (1972). Chronic inflation is thought to have initially emerged from Latin America, after World War 11 and so it was given the term “Latin Inflation”

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