INTRODUCTION Several outstanding philosophers such as Marx (1844), Kierkegaard (1941), Rousseau (1950), and Nietzsche (1954) paid serious attention to the notion of alienation. They strongly believed that alienation existed in the world and characterized it for us in such ways that we couldn't help but accept it as part of human reality. Marx was the most closely associated with and thus made the most contributions to the concept of alienation. According to Marx, alienation refers to the split between a human's existence (material) and essence (soul). Marx discusses alienation in a relatively restricted context-namely, the lives of wage workers in the early capitalist society.
Durkheim sees anomie as responsible for the world’s disorder of economics- the lack of morality and regulation resulted in overpowering the weak; thus, he feels that only norms can prevent the abuse of power and calls for regulation and equal opportunity from birth- the greater the equal opportunity the less need for restraint. Marx looked at how capitalism separated humanity by making work a simple means of individual existence. In addition he describes society in terms of class and economic conflicts. Marx saw proletariat or people of a working class as being underneath the bourgeoisie or the capitalist of a modern society. Marx looked at how alienation of production of commodities by workers also leads to alienation of social life.
It wasn’t until shortly after his death that Karl Marx’s ideology began to significantly influence socialist movements. Although relatively unknown during his lifetime he has become one of the fundamental economic and sociological figures of the modern era. Many of his theories and insights into the way society functions are still relevant in the expanding capitalist society that exists today. Marx was very critical of capitalism and the division in society between the bourgeoisie and proletariat classes, attempting to highlight the injustice and exploitation of the working class by the wealthy upper and middle class. Marx predicted that capitalism within a socioeconomic system would inevitably create internal tensions between social classes leading to its demise and replacement by a new system, communism.
Moreover, when being chosen by the mining company, the unsteady camerawork and constant switching of perspectives highlights the controversial nature of the conversation and presents Ernesto as an authoritative figure fighting the inhumane treatment of the impoverished in South America. By dismissing the notion of Justice within their environments, the composers argue that morality and justice are values necessary to our existence. By comparing two contextually dissimilar texts, John Steinbeck’s 1937 novella ‘Of Mice and Men’ and Walter Salles’ 2004 biopic ‘The Motorcycle Diaries’, we gain a clearer understanding on what is required of humanity. Through Steinbeck’s response to the socio-economic
It is the universal whore, the pander between men and peoples.’ Karl Marx, ‘the economic and philosophical manuscripts’ (1844). This is saying that money makes society function, it not only binds us together, but separates those who have it and those who don’t. - The issue of storytelling, how stories are received, who they serve, is an important theme in Othello - Individuals create stories about themselves to establish an identity  sometimes our stories are imposed on us - Othello states he ‘Saw the handkerchief’ (Act 5, Sc2, Ln66), but what he really saw was a mute fact – facts are meaningless until placed into context – Othello used the wrong story to interpret what he saw. He takes Iago’s lies as facts, believes everything else - Marxism emphasizes the link between power  storytelling  economics. Eg.
Using material from Item A and elsewhere assess different Marxist views of the relationship between crime and social class. Traditional Marxism sees capitalist society as divided into two classes: the ruling capitalist class (or bourgeoisie) who own the means of production, and the working class (or proletariat), who’s alienated labour the bourgeoisie exploit to produce profit. Marxism is a structural theory. It sees society as a structure in which the economic base (the capitalist economy) determines the shape of the superstructure, which is made up of all the other social institutions, including the state, the law and the criminal justice system. Their function is to serve ruling-class interests and maintain the capitalist economy.
Using a Marxist approach how does Fitzgerald convey the differences in social class in the novel ‘The Great Gatsby?’ The Marxist approach was established through the philosophy of Karl Marx, his idea being that the proletariat are exploited and domineered by the bourgeoisie –creating an illusion of false class consciousness; whereby the individual fails to recognise oppression and unintentionally conforms to the views and ideology of the bourgeoisie. In the novel ‘The Great Gatsby’ there is a clear differentiation between social classes, which is dramatized through the use of setting. The novel holds two very contrasting settings in the form of the ‘Valley of Ashes’ (home to working class couple George and Myrtle Wilson) and ‘East/West Egg’ (home to the Buchanans, Nick, and Gatsby himself.) In the novel the ‘Valley of Ashes’ serves as a grotesque symbol, as it represents the harsh reality of life for the working class. This is exemplified through the quote: ‘The road and railway shrink away from their fantastic farm, where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills, and grotesque gardens.’ Fitzgerald’s description implies the failure of the American Dream, a prominent ideological mind set throughout 1920’s America that anybody can become somebody if they have the hope and will to succeed.
The concept of a classless society has been elaborated by Karl Marx, the father of Marxist philosophy which is the basis of the Communist ideology. As a member of a contemporary society under a democracy, my beliefs are rooted on a society made up of different classes. In order to get to a higher class of society, one has to work with sweat, and even blood. This idea has caused many revolutions because some who do not want the present structure of society want it to be restructured to suit the need of every individual. This essay is an attempt to discuss a classless society and to establish whether a classless society is attainable and sustainable in this century.
Now, when we know the definitions, we can look at the Marxism view of education. Marxists looks at the society from a conflict perspective. They argue this with saying that education operates as an ideological tool where they manipulating people to think in certain ways to legitimise exploitation by the ruling class and inequality. Louis Althusser (1945) said that education operates as an "ideological apparatus"; in other words this means brainwashing. This idea to schools, could be argued with that the hidden curriculum transmit norms and values, such as punctuality and respect which include authority and other cultural values, whilst free thoughts gives you punishment.
It focuses on class conflict. A key founder of conflict theory was Karl Marx. He believed that there is/or was a bitter conflict between the bourgeoisie (those who own the capital) and the proletariat (the workers who toil for low pay). He believed this conflict could only end when the proletariat repelled aging the bourgeoisie. Functionalist division of labor Education provides society with a ‘division of labor’ this means schools help identify who will be the bin man and who will