However, Nicholas II had no choice to create the Duma because of the 1905 revolution; so he reluctantly did so he did not completely lose his position. The Communists were a lot more willing to reform politically. Krushchev, similar to Lenin, was keen to reform politically for example decentralisation; he transferred economic planning to more local
Divisions of opposing groups of the Tsar were important to the survival of Tsarist rule in 1881-1905 as the political opponents of the Tsar were clearly divided in their aims and methods. However, other factors such as the church and the power the Tsar held over it; the conservative culture of the Russian people; lack of education especially amongst the peasants and workers; the retributions from opposing the Tsar and the Okhrana were also effective in keeping the Tsar in a state of power. The different political parties all had a similar aim for change and most of wanted to remove the Tsar from power. However they all had different approaches and different plans on how to run the Russia after the Tsars removal. Firstly, the opposition groups of the Tsar were known as the Populists, the Liberals and the Marxists.
This led to the taking over of railway stations, and post and telegraph offices, meaning that the PG was left totally defenseless, allowing the Bolsheviks to seize control. The most crucial factor, however, was timing, where the Bolsheviks were able to take this power behind the veneer of Soviet control, minimizing chance of opposition. It is arguable, nonetheless, that even without this planning, seizure would still be within easy reach, due to the infamy of the Provisional Government and the other political parties, such as the Kadets, Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries, failing to act. But nevertheless, this organizational brilliance from Trotsky was an assured way for secure control, as the Bolsheviks were only relatively known in the cities, compared to most of rural Russia, where their support dwindled in the wake of more popular
How far do you agree that Trotsky’s leadership of red army was responsible for survival of the Bolshevik government? The Bolsheviks had some control of Russia, when tsar had been abdicated and when the provisional government was in charge for a short period. The Bolsheviks had then taking control of Russia from the Provisional Government, the Bolsheviks' next aim was to maintain their weak hold on the reins of power. But the only way Bolsheviks were to be in full power was to win the civil war in 1918 against the white army. Who were also looking to become in power.
How far do you agree that Lenin's leadership was the main reason why the Bolsheviks were able to seize power in October 1917? Lenin’s leadership was the main reason why the Bolsheviks were able to seize power in October 1917. Despite other contextual factors like the war and land contributing to the weakness of the Provisional Government, Lenin was still the main reason they were able to seize power, because without Lenin the Bolshevik party didn’t have any armed revolution on their agenda, they had even considered joining the Provisional Government like the Mensheviks and Social Revolutionists. Lenin was an extremely important individual in the seizure of the October Revolution. The leadership of the Bolshevik party, after Lenin had been forced into exile in Switzerland, didn’t press for an armed uprising.
Opposition to the Tsarist regime increased due to a number of reasons many of which could have been helped and others that were more natural. The key aspects of the opposition of the Tsars was Wittes programme of industrialisation, which while vital to Russia, exchanged the loyalist peasants into the disgruntled working class. While there were problems that the Tsar could not control such as the great amounts of other nationalities wanting independence and resisting Russification, such as the Poles and Jews. In 1881 opposition started due to ordinary people having little to no rights, as it was a criminal offence to question the Tsar and with no parliament to try and change the course of their country they would have to rely on the rich autocratic Tsar to decide to make changes to help the common people. As the government had strict censorship on books and journals when information did get through it would usually be made even more powerful as the government had attempted to ban it.
Thesis: Many factors contributed to the survival of the tsarist regime in the 1905 Revolution and its downfall in the 1917 Revolution. The factors that helped its survival in the 1905 Revolution included political and economic advantages, while the factors that contributed to its downfall during the 1917 Revolution included the political and economic struggles. Direct Comparison: While the Russian Population was not seeking to overthrow the Tsarist autocracy during the 1905 Revolution, there only thought was to do so during the Revolution of 1917 when the men hit the street. Analysis: Perhaps the foremost factor contributing towards the failure of the 1905 revolution was that the peasants and the liberals were both to easily appeased by what the Tsar had to offer. The Tsar was not overthrown in the 1905 revolution because nobody imperatively wanted him to be overthrown even though he had made many faults, they rather wanted him to change the way he ruled the country, this made him pass the October Manifesto that installed the Duma, which was the lower houses of parliament that could pass laws but be vetoed by the Tsar, and grant civil liberties such as freedom of speech, religion, and press.
His initiative was used against the problem of the members of the communist party lacking high level military experience. He solved this problem by recruiting former soldiers of the Tsarist army and to ensure their loyalty he held their families hostage. Although this may have caused problems in that it was not an ethically correct thing to do it meant that he was reinforcing the communist army and therefore this move gave Trotsky
While the public wanted democratic freedom the czar did not want to lose control of the peasants. This one would also be unsuccessful. Two more revolutions soon would occur and be successful. The first revolution occurred during World War I while the Russian military was pressed by war with Germany. The March Revolution of 1917 led to the abdication of Nicholas and the installment of a provisional government.
They were a political group that battled for the Tsar as they thought the Slav culture was the best for Russia. Therefore, if intellegensai were fighting for the Tsar instead of against him, this would help him stay in power in 1914. However, some revolutionaries were against the Tsar such as the Bolsheviks who wanted a revolution relatively quickly. The Okhrana sent groups like these to Siberia and some groups were hanged for their crimes. This shows opposition against the Tsar was very weak as they were only a small