So, for an especially devout Roman Catholic - like Mary - it seemed only appropriate that she continue in the tradition of the Middle Ages and savagely punish those whose lives were setting a dangerous religious example (i.e. Protestants.) For, what it's worth, I think the arguments I've just given you are valid. But I still don't think that they excuse Mary from what she did. Politically, it made her far more enemies and destroyed
The King was a keen theologian, and was prepared to incorporate evangelical ideas into his new Church where he saw fit. But he wasn't comfortable with the alterations, and from 1539 onwards he reversed most of his previous policies. In 1539 the Act of Six Articles returned the Church to unambiguous Catholic orthodoxy apart from papal supremacy. Amongst other things, transubstantiation and auricular confession were reaffirmed. Clerical marriage, which had crept in, was condemned, and vows of chastity were now held to be unbreakable.
The origins of rebellion arose when people in England opposed Mary’s catholic standing and were worrying over the possible return of papal authority over England, since mary’s coronation was in 1553 she quickly placed people of catholic standing in positions within the kingdom, including many positions in the privy council the most influential body within the government. This quick changeover within England is arguably what caused the Wyatt rebellion as it made the people feel anxious of the possible threat of going back to a papal authority, this can be reinforced by the following source ‘and yet thhe it be said in counsel as to my friend, we mind only the restitution of God’s word, but no words!’qhich was written by wyatts son showing us that Wyatt was rebelling to the threat Mary posed to religion, but it can also be inferred that although this was his motive he felt that this reason wasn’t acceptable to cause a greater enough rebellion to remove Mary from the throne so he says that they should use a different reason, as generally it can be argued that Mary’s catholic influence across England were relatively popular, possibly why the rebellion was shown little support. There
Religious toleration in between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries varied greatly between the leaders during this time period; some wanted complete control over the religions practiced, some wanted some control with some freedom, and other leaders wanted complete freedom of religions. In the previous modern Europe, many states churches had been established by the rulers. Therefore, as a result of the Protestant Reformation, many states had a several religious minorities. Which lead to many different catastrophes that affected Europe in a negative way, people started to revolt and protest the ruler’s management of the states. Firstly, rulers in early modern Europe wanted complete control over the religions practiced in their states.
The Puritans wanted to alter practices promoted by the Anglican Church as well as decrease the power of the discriminatory and corrupt bishops. After the death of the last Tudor, Elizabeth, King James I began to overtax the Puritans. The Puritans, persecuted by the King and angered by his favor towards the Catholics, had a falling out with England and therefore were voluntary candidates for colonists in the New World. Upon arrival in the New World; however, they preceded to practice intolerance towards others outside of their group. Puritan Massachusetts or the “city upon a hill” for example, instilled a theocratic government in which it was treason to oppose any Puritan practice.
There were both short and long term reasons for the petition and why it was presented to the new King. The Puritans were not happy with Elizabeth’s middle way she created that was meant to be a mixture of regulations from both the catholic and protestant churches in order to please as many people as she could. They thought that there were more elements of the church that were in agreement with the Catholic Church rules than the protestant ones though. The Puritans wanted the church to be a lot plainer, with not a lot of colours, whereas the Catholic Church was full of colours and stain glass windows. Hence the reason that a part to the petition was that ministers should not to wear gowns.
Henry VIII vs. John Calvin in the Protestant Reformation In the sixteenth century, stood the reformation of the Catholic Church in Western Europe. While the main focus was an internal renovation of the church, the outcome was much different than expected; the reformation led to a revolt against and an abandonment of principal Christian belief. The difference in the view and act of oneself was different from individual to individual during the reformation. While Calvin left for Geneva in 1536 from France because of the fear of persecution for the publically spread beliefs of his about the Church to the people, Henry VIII had manipulated the church for a way to receive a new wife in hopes for his first son. Different motivation stands for each of these people in what they did for the reformation.
The fall of Thomas Cromwell was the start in the decline of Henry's authority. Cromwell was able to control the faction fighting, after his fall political instability increased and there was a growth in the rivalry between the factions. The reformist faction led by Archbishop Cranmer and Edward Seymour wanted political and religious reforms, whereas the conservative faction led by the Duke of Norfolk and Stephan Gardiner wanted to retain Anglo-Catholicism rather than adopt a radical form of Protestantism. As a result of Cromwell's fall, Henry lost control of the factions in his court. The power of the factions was mainly determined by the woman in Henry's life at the time.
It must be remembered that James came from Scotland which was a Presbyterian nation and therefore came with his own set of beliefs and ideas. Elizabeth I had established the Church of England, and though it was principally run along Protestant lines there were still many Catholic elements around. The Catholic churches had lots of gold decorations and ornamentations, this angered the Puritans because they believed the main function of the Church was to preach and teach the Bible. They also believed that people would be distracted by the decorations and finery. This shows that as well as there being the
This revolution, also known as the glorious revolution, involved James II becoming King after the death of his brother, Charles II. The people of this period were against James becoming king because of his religion of being a Roman Catholic. During that time, it was thought that Roman Catholics caused horrific disasters to London. Later, when political power was given to his daughter Mary, who was married to Dutch William of Orange, James fled the country. After this occurrence, Protestant rule was restored.