Approximately 1.6 million people are in nursing homes in the United States, and another 1 million people reside in residential care facilities. In the year 2000, there were 472,813 cases of elder abuse or neglect in the 54 states in the U.S. This number is just a rough estimate of the abuse cases, as many cases of abuse or neglect go unreported. In fact, according to a study conducted by the National Center on Elder Abuse at American Public Human Services Association, every time one case of abuse is reported, five cases of abuse go unreported. Older adults are among one of the fastest growing populations of the United States; in 1990 one in eight persons was older than the age of 65; by 2030, this ratio will decline to one in five (Wan, Sengupta, Velkoff, & Debarros, 2005).
According to National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) (2007) each year more than 200 000 falls are reported in hospitals across England and Wales. In addition, the cost of immediate treatment after falls has been estimated at £15 millions every year (NPSA, 2007). The consequences after a fall for the patient can vary from no harm to severe long-term health problems and death. Therefore it is important that the nurses and healthcare professionals identify and implement a falls prevention strategy for the patients who are at a high risk of falling during hospital admission. However, all preventive measures need to consider the patient’s dignity, choice, independence and potential for rehabilitation (NPSA, 2007).
GERIATRIC NEEDS ASSESSMENT OF EMERGENCY NURSES XXXX XXXXXX For CCC GGGGG BSN May 23, 2011 The Emergency Department (ED) is the entry point into the health care system for many people. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported increasing ED visits with the greatest increase being among individuals 65 years of age and older. If the trend continues, ED visits in the United States for the geriatric population could reach as many as 11.7 million visits by 2013 (Roberts, McKay & Shaffer, 2007, p. 769-74). Up to 27% of older adults discharged home from the ED experience revisit, hospitalization, or death within three months after discharge (Hwang & Morrison, 2007, p. 873-876). Also a survey conducted of older patients discharged from an inner-city ED revealed that most believed that ED staff were not attentive to their questions or needs (Nerney, Chin, Jin, Karrison, Walter, Miliken, Miller, Hayley & Friedmann, 2001, p. 140-145).
In 2006, one in five women aged 45 were childless – double that of twenty years previously. Since women are choosing to not have children – the birth rate and there fore family size has fallen since 1900. Another factor is the decline in the infant mortality rate – the number of infants who die before their first birthday per 1000 babies born alive per year. Many sociologists argue that a fall in IMR leads to a fall in birth rate because if many infants die, parents have more children to replace those they have lost and thus increasing the birth rate. This is proven since in 1900 the IMR in the UK was 154 and by 2007 it had sharply declined to 5, owing to many factors including improved housing and better sanitation.
Smoking is estimated to be the cause of approximately 7,000 deaths in Ireland each year, chiefly by illnesses such as lung cancer, heart disease, stroke and emphysema Department of Health and Children (2010). As a student nurse has a crucial part of the role is to promote smoking cessation to patients and offer support and advice. T Definition of Health promotion Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health WHO (2009). This was introduced in by WHO in 1984 as a comprehensive new approach to bringing about social changes for improved health at the population level HSE (2010). It involves working with individuals, families, groups and communities to enhance their knowledge and understanding of the factors affecting their health and preventing ill health.
Black women are more than 3 times more probable as white women to have an abortion, and Hispanic women are roughly 2 times more probable as white women to have an abortion. Out of our fifty states, CA, CT, HI, ED, IL, MA, MD, MD, MN, MT, NJ, NM, NY, OR, VT, WA and WV all pay for abortions for various underprivileged women. Studies also show that there are around 3,600 abortions daily which is an abortion almost every twenty-four seconds. Women have their many reasons for having an abortion. 25.5% of women want to delay their bearing of a child.
HOW NURSES CAN STOP THE NURSING SHORTAGE An article by HSM Group Ltd. states (as cited in Spetz & Given, 2003, para. 1) “estimates of average nurse vacancy rates at hospitals range from 10.2 percent to 13 percent, with one in seven hospitals reporting more than 20 percent.” The Bureau of Health Professions predicts the nursing shortage to worsen within the next twenty years; by 2020 there will be a projected shortage of 800,000 nurses (as cited in Spetz & Given, 2003, para. 2). Because the nursing shortage has been linked to negative patient outcomes and high rates of nurse burnout, nurses have the responsibility as members within a discipline to partner with other professionals in the health care industry to alleviate the nursing shortage by reaching out to youth to promote a positive image of nursing, increase graduation rates of licensed nurses, and increase job satisfaction. The need for educated nurses is expanding due to a variety of factors including: increasingly risky and complicated work, an aging workforce, invariable financial benefits, increasing work alternatives, and inadequate new nurses entering the field (Stedmen & Nolan, 2007).
On the contrary, nearly 22,000 children are facing death each day. In comparison to 1 in 147 in MEDCs, 1 in 14 children pass away before the age of 5 in LEDCs. Recent investigations evidently show half of these children who face death annually could be saved. Solutions to the problem include; vaccines, antibiotics, micronutrient supplementation, insecticide-treated bed nets, breastfeeding practices, and improved family care. Moreover, the infant mortality rate can be decreased by; expanding immunization programs, strengthening national health care systems, supporting better nutrition for children and mothers, and investing in improved reproductive health.
This statistic is particularly disconcerting considering that some studies suggest that more than 50% of all divorces occur within the first few years of marriage (Carroll & Doherty, 2003). In a meta-analysis of premarital counseling programs, the average person/couple who participated in a premarital counseling program was better off after the program than 79% of the people who did not participate in such a program (Carroll & Doherty, 2003). Why should we go to Premarital Counseling? The goal of marriage is not just to stay together but to have a fulfilling, close relationship that enriches the lives of both partners. Premarital counseling provides the couple with the tools to live their best relationship possible.
For my PhD which is ongoing, I am exploring the concept of safe motherhood as experienced and understood by women, midwives, and traditional birth attendants in Southeast Nigeria. Abstract Background and context: The current global estimates for maternal deaths (MDs) by the World Health Organisation indicate that approximately 350,000 women die each year. Whilst 99% of cases occur in poorly-resourced countries, 10% take place in Nigeria alone. The global safe motherhood initiative (SMI), launched in 1987 by the UN agencies, aimed to reduce the number of pregnancy-related deaths by half by the year 2000. The number at that time was 529,000.