People who think they have taken a drug but really haven’t may display the effects of the drug because they expect to be affected by it. The learned expectations regarding a drugs effect vary from culture to culture. 13.Depressant: reduce the central nervous system activity. Many depressants increase GABA neurotransmitter activity. Effect of alcohol: Alcohol has an impact on the dopamine, serotonin, endorphins, glutamate, and GABA neurotransmitters.
* Depressants slow down the central nervous system and can reduce anxiety or emotional distress., examples include cannabis and barbiturates. * Opiates provide pain relief, induce euphoria, sedation and can lead to coma, examples include heroin, opium, methadone and morphine. * Hallucinogens induce an altered state of consciousness and effect perception of reality, examples include LSD and mushrooms. Prescription drugs containing opoids, benzodiazipines (which are depressants of the central nervous system) or stimulants can be misused when taken for reasons other than those they were prescribed for. Prescription drugs can cause sedation, altered state of consciousness, depressed respiration and changes in blood pressure.
These can range from side effects such as restlessness and irritability to becoming addicted to the drug and dependant on others. They can cause the user to become emotionally unstable and possibly suffer a loss of inhibitions. Many anti-psychotic
For example, a large person generally needs more of a drug than a smaller person needs for the same effect. Whether people take a drug as instructed also affects their response to it. These factors may affect how the body absorbs the drug, how the body breaks down and eliminates the drug, or what effects the drug has on the body. Because so many factors affect drug response, doctors and pharmacists must choose a drug appropriate for each person and must adjust the dose carefully. This process is more complex if the person takes other drugs and has other diseases, because drug-drug and drug-disease interactions are possible.
Bad moods can also be intensified by using this stimulant ( Parrot 45 ). Chronic use can result in violent behaviors, anxiety, depression, confusion, hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia. When the addict stops using the drug, these side effects are more severe. Brain damage caused by meth abuse is similar to Alzheimer’s disease and epilepsy ( USDOJ “Meth…” ). These moods and behaviors can lead to social and occupational deterioration ( NIDA “Meth…” ).
That just leads people to want to take the drugs again. A repetition of a drug can lead to addiction, and addiction can ruin ones life completely. Aside from addiction, drugs are against the law. If someone is caught with a drug, depending on the case, they could be tried and convicted for a felony. That’s a lot of jail time.
Drugs can alter important brain areas that are necessary for life-sustaining functions and can drive the compulsive drug abuse that marks addiction. (Mitterer 66). Brain areas affected by drug use include the brain stem; it controls basic functions critical to living, such
Unlike natural marijuana, spice is sprayed with chemicals that can be toxic to the human body. Such toxicity, can produce dangerous side effects like tachycardia, which is an unusually fast resting heart rate (Camp, RN). Other reports have shown additional side effects include excessive sweating, agitation, inability to speak, aggression, and restlessness. These side effects are not the norm when natural marijuana is used (Gupta). Patients treated by medical professionals say that patients experienced short-term loss of consciousness, paranoia, hallucinations, tremors, and even seizures.
Several diseases will easily attack teenagers consuming drugs. Smoking, for instance, is the one of the risky activity related with the use of drug where a cigarette contains substances, which can be classified as a kind of drug. In addition, we need to know what the definition of drug is. Drug is the material or substance, which can change minds, moods or feelings, and behaviour when it comes into the human body, through inhaling, injecting or oral. More over, drugs can also make them who use drugs become addicted.
Explain factors related to the development of substance abuse or addictive behaviour & examine prevention strategies and treatments for substance abuse and addictive behaviour (22 marks) A substance is anything that people can ingest to alter mood, cognition or behaviour: specifically to induce feelings of self-confidence, fun or relaxation. However, there is an issue with ‘substances’, in that they can often cause a dependence or addiction. An addiction can be described as the behavioural and other responses that include compulsion to certain substances continuously, in order to avoid psychological and physiological deficits in the absence of the substance: namely discomfort, anxiety etc. An addiction may relate to anything in one’s life which may cause the process of uncontrollable usage. This essay shall seek to outline the key reasons for development of a substance abuse, whilst assessing the prevention strategies and treatment for the subsequent substance abuses and addictive behaviours - with key reference to smoking and addiction to nicotine.