What Were The Main Aims Of Bismarck’s Foreign

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What were the main aims of Bismarck’s foreign policy in the period 1871-1890 and how effective were they? Otto Von Bismarck was the Chancellor of the North German Federation until the German Empire was formed in 1871 of which he became the First Chancellor. He was the dominating figure in German Affairs, both Foreign and Domestic, until his dismissal in 1890 by Kaiser Wilhelm II. I intend to discover what the main aims of Bismarck’s Foreign policy were whilst he was in power and whether they were effective or not. Bismarck was a believer and practitioner of Realpolitik, the idea of politics based on practical rather than moral or ideological considerations. He had followed this during his Unification of Germany and in the following wars, becoming known as the ‘Iron Chancellor’, however Bismarck was likely aware that this may have caused greater tensions between the great powers of Europe and Germany and therefore changed his approach from ‘one of aggression to moderation’. This is shown when Bismarck announced that ‘Germany is a satiated power’, meaning that it did not desire any further land or power. This can be shown as true because Bismarck now begun the effort to surround Germany with friendly states through a series of talks and alliances. Ruth Henig states that the main reason for this was due to ‘France’s inevitable desire for revenge and for the return of Alsace-Lorraine was to be countered by depriving her of European allies through skilful diplomacy’. France had recently been defeated in the Franco-Prussian war and Alsace-Lorraine had been taken from their control and made into a German state, so revenge was likely on the top of their minds. Bismarck carefully navigated this situation, and due to the diplomatic isolation he managed to put France under and the encouragement to embark on colonial expansion in Africa, Germany was safe from French

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