Case 9-794-022, Teaching Note 5-795-084. [B] In 1990, Xerox undertook an “Environmental Leadership Program” designed to make Xerox an industry leader in non-polluting operations, recycling, and products actually designed for the environment. This effort flowed naturally out of the system of total quality management developed at Xerox in the 1980s. Under the new program, Xerox planned to design its products for complete reuse, remanufacturing, and recycling. This effort entailed a complete redesign of the company’s product-delivery system, from initial designs and materials acquisition to manufacturing, marketing, and after-sales service.
Environmentalist would later argue that the environment in which one is brought up had a much larger role in shaping the mind; these two contrasting views have set the stage for this much argued debate. More recently, nature-nurture, research has been aimed at answering “how much” of our genes or environment have an effect on specific traits and behavior, such as intelligence, and which of these two elemental factors is more important on the development of such traits. Much insight into the debate of nature-nurture is afforded to the research and data obtained through twin, adoption and family studies; with identical twin studies being the most valuable. I have chosen two studies to compare and contrast over the debate of nature-nurture. The first is a longitudinal adoption study; Nature, Nurture, and Cognitive Development from 1 to 16 years: A Parent-Offspring Adoption Study (1).
He also claims that the rise of ecological problems on the scale now occurring is a cultural phenomenon. If this is true, then a search for the roots of the cultural attitudes could show us how we might change our culture in order to effectively address these ecological problems. White basis his ideas on several key historical claims. These claims include, science and technology in its current form is typically Western and early employment of technology to drive the machines of production is also Western. White speculates that the beginnings of the change in attitude came with changes in ways of viewing humans' relationship with the local environment that came with the invention of, for instance, the furrowing plow.
Our environment shapes how our genes affect us though. Genes work in mysterious ways and we may not enjoy what the give to us. Good or bad, genes are what turn on nurture so our environment can shape who we are, how we behave, and possibly who we love. Ridley certainly backs his theories with much evidence and this book strongly displays his opinion of how nature brings about nurture. From the text, I gathered that Ridley wrote The Agile Gene from a biological perspective of psychology.
The environmental ethics is a biological objective that challenge the separation of science and ethics (1991, Holmes Rolston). Environmental ethics has a way to escape relativism of ethics, and have a way to give up on cultural ethics. The individuals in the world has their view on ethics as our culture and heritage with the natural existence of the human culture. Environmental ethics is a mix up of culture because the evaluation of nature and wild nature individuals interact
Nature versus Nurture Craig D Jensen Western Governors University Abstract This paper will discuss the nature versus nurture controversy by comparing and contrasting two different case studies already done. We will discuss the controversies around this topic as well as the similarities and differences between the studies. And finally discuss the conclusions that were made from each of the studies. Nature versus Nurture One of the oldest debates in psychology is over whether specific aspects of a person’s behavior are a product of nature (i.e. genetics) or nurtured (i.e.
The Environmental Protection Agency was established in 1970 under then president Richard Nixon who believed there was a need to establish a government agency that would oversee national efforts to preserve the environment. As noted by writer Jack Lewis, “The Nixon Administration, although preoccupied with an unpopular war and a recession-ridden economy, took some stopgap action on the environmental front in 1969. In May, President Nixon had set up a Cabinet-level Environmental Quality Council as well as a Citizens' Advisory Committee on Environmental Quality” (Lewis, 1985) The Nixon administration forged forward set clear parameters for the new governmental branch that would oversee everything to do with protecting our environment. As noted by Jack Lewis, “President Nixon called for "a strong, independent agency." The mission of this "Environmental Protection Agency" would be to: • Establish and enforce environmental protection standards • Conduct environmental research.
Visit the College Board on the Web: www.collegeboard.com. AP® ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2008 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 2 (continued) (d) Discuss TWO viable methods for reducing the amount of cadmium entering
| Metaphysical ecology | Another branch of Ecophilosophy, a deep ecology in which combines, metaphysics and ecology. It aims to explain the world and the fundamental nature of what is in it (DesJardins, 2013). | Minimalism | Living with the bare essentials in life in order to preserve and conserve. | Ethical extensionism | The practice of extending beliefs, values, morals and standards to formerly ignored matters and issues (DesJardins, 2013). | Pluralism | Looking and trying to solve problem with multiple approach, this is when we look at problems and try to consider different approach (DesJardins, 2013).
The study attempts to prove the internal validity between the two variables and a regression model was created to show how the variables reacted with one another. The dependent variable: concern for the environment, was chosen based on an analysis of the overall survey. The question was worded in a way respondents could answer without questioning or second-guessing their answers. Through my predictions, having this question as the dependent variable effects the outcome of the independent variable: rate of recycling, the most. The independent was chosen based off my research and literature review in which the hypothesis states those who recycle are more concerned with the environment.