Chemistry chapter 6.3 1) a. Cation b. Electrostatic forces 2) Ionic bond between metal and oxygen, the metals conduct electricity in a solid state using delocalised electrons. They are coated with a special kind of plastic e.g. Copper. 3) When they contain 8 valance electrons. 4) When naming an ionic compound, which ion is given first?
When atoms bond together they share or transfer electrons to achieve a more stable electron arrangement, often a full outer main level of electrons, like the noble gases. There are three types of strong chemical bonds: 1.__ionic______, 2.____covalent____ and metallic IONIC bonding • Ionic bonding occurs between metals and non-metals • Metal atoms 3. ___lose___ electrons • Non-metal atoms gain electrons • Positive and negative ions are formed Sodium chloride has ionic bonding. [pic] • The sodium ion is positively charged because it has lost a negative electron
The carbon rod is surrounded by a layer of manganese dioxide (MnO2), and a thick paste of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and zinc chloride (ZnCl2), which serves as an electrolyte. The oxidation reaction that takes place on the zinc casing is: Zn(s)→Zn+2+2e- While the reduction reaction that takes place on the carbon rod is: 2MnO2+2H+(aq)+2e-→Mn2O3(s)+H2O(l) The overall reaction is: Zn(s)+2MnO2+2NH4+(s)→Mn2O3(s)+Zn(NH3)22+(aq)+H2O(l) The standard dry cell contains 1.5V. The reactions present in dry cells continue until they run out of a reactant (the anode or cathode). However, there are cells that can be recharged, as the redox reaction can be reversed in order to regenerate the original reactants. Some examples of these batteries include lithium batteries and car batteries.
Reactivity of Metals Background Information When a metal (such as magnesium, aluminium, zinc and copper) is mixed with hydrochloric acid, a hydrogen gas is produced. If hydrogen gas is produced, a pop sound should be heard when a flame is held over the substance. On the periodic table the most highly reactive elements are in the first group and the least reactive are in the last group. All metals have the same properties, they are shiny, they conduct heat and electricity, they are malleable which means able to change shape permanently without breaking or cracking, and they are also ductile which means they are able to be deformed without losing their strength. Aim To compare the reactivity of various metals by observing their reaction with hydrochloric acid Hypothesis That the all the metals will produce foam and a pop.
A slower process than MIG, it produces a more precise weld and can be used at lower amperages for thinner metal and can be used on exotic metals. TIG does require quite a bit more time than MIG to learn. It is similar in technique to gas welding. TIG can be used with pure helium or argon as an inert shielding gas to protect the weld pool from the atmosphere. (Nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other elements cause weld defects if introduced to the weld pool.)
high melting point, hard, brittle, slightly soluble in water, conductor of electricity when melted or in solution Molecular solid - crystalline solid that has molecules arranged in a particular configuration. low melting point, generally insoluble in water, nonconductor of electricity. Metallic solid - crystalline solid that has atoms of metals arranged in a definite pattern. low to high melting point, malleable, ductile, conductor of electricity, insoluble in most solvents. Lesson 13.6 Changes of physical state: * necessary to draw a temperature-energy graph to see the change in temperature with a constant application of heat Heat of fusion - the amount of heat required to melt 1.00 g of substance.
When the water is evaporated, a white compound of zinc iodide is formed. New bonds are formed with the electron interactions between the Zinc and Iodine. 2) If a reaction does take place, are the physical and chemical properties of the substances, isolated during and after the mixing, the same as, or different from those of Iodine and Zinc? Explain using your reaction as an example. The physical changes of the zinc is grey, iodine is blackish blue, and zinc iodide is white.
Similar to Beryllium, Zinc and Chromium are amphoteric, but Iron and Magnesium are not amphoteric, meaning that they form insoluble precipitates in basic solutions like excess hydroxide. In this experiment, the unknown sample solution will be mixed with water to dissolve the ions that
This is because hydrogen bonds to the water molecules are formed. Acetaldehyde (ethanal, CH3CHO) and acetone are miscible with water in all proportions. II. Chemical Properties (see Bettelheim, chapter 17.4) Aldehydes are easily oxidized a fact due to the presence of the hydrogen attached to the carbonyl group (this is not present in ketones, which are less easily oxidized). Oxidation of aldehydes yields carboxylic acids.
The main ingredient in glass is silicon dioxide. If you didn’t know, silicon dioxide is also known as sand in nature. The most interesting part about glass is that it doesn’t have a specific melting point. Different types of glass melt at different temperatures, but the most common glass melts at 1500 degrees C. Also glass never reaches a point at which it suddenly becomes liquid. So that means the hotter the glass gets it will flow faster but it will never become a liquid completely.