What Are the Factors Influence Transport Costs?

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Abstract Transport, through which the movement of goods physically takes place, is an important part of logistics and supply chain management. The efficiency of transport arrangements affects the lead time for delivery and the level and costs of stock holding, which in turns affects the competitiveness of businesses.Efficient logistics management is about providing the right quantity and quality of the right goods at the right times and locations, in a way that minimum transport costs, time, storage and stock wastage. Hence, an efficient supply chain requires an effective information system to allow monitoring of the supply of, and demand for, freight and its movements. In Operation Research, there are m origins (supply points) and n destinations, we know that (where i is the label of supply points, j is the label of destinations, c describes the cost and x describes the quantity that is shipped) is the objective function of the total cost in the famous “Transportation Problem” of Linear Programming, and the optimal solution is the minimum of the function. However, this objective function is given under several assumptions, it may not be so applicable that we could use it in many real applications. In this case, is to represent the total cost and we are aimed to examine whether the expression is proper and how to modify it. Consequently, the following paragraphs will illustrate the component of the cost and their influence on the cost. 1. Introduction Transport costs[1] are a monetary measure of what the transport provider must pay to produce transportation services. They come as fixed (infrastructure) and variable (operating) costs, depending on a variety of conditions related to geography, infrastructure, administrative barriers, energy, and on how passengers and freight are carried. Three major components, related to transactions,

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