She defines environment/society addresses the idea that nurses have existed in every society a caring attitude is transmitted from generation to generation by the culture of the nursing profession. According to Watson she wants nursing to move beyond objectivism, verification, definitions and concern itself more with meaning, relationships. She wants nursing to be more concerned with the pursuit of hidden truths, development of new knowledge regarding human caring-healing. (Watson, 2012). To Watson her theory is humanistic approach to nursing that emphasizes human
Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring Dr. Jane Watson is an extraordinary professor of nursing at the University of Colorado. She believes that nursing can be a changing process through which both nurses and patients can be transformed. Her nursing practice theory well-known as “Theory of Human Care,” states the basic philosophy of nursing and joins scientific and humanistic approaches to patient care. She clearly implies that caring is a nursing personality that when it is fully practiced, the world of a patient can become extremely perceptive, secure, and rich. She evidently highlights six key actions that assist nurses to easily expand and attend to human care (Cheng, 2006).
Dr. Jean Watson earned her degrees as an undergraduate and a graduate from 1964 to 1973. She specializes in nursing and psychiatric-mental health nursing and now has her PhD in educational psychology and counseling. Watson is a published author and gained many awards and honors such as the international Kellogg Fellowship in Australia and a Fulbright Research Award in Sweden. (http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Watson.html) She created two theories called “The philosophy and science of caring” and “Nursing: human science and human care” that was published in 1978 and 1988. Jean Watson is someone who cares for patients and believes that they should be treated with respect.
in 1964, and her M.S. in psychiatric and mental health nursing in 1966. Watson then pursued a higher degree accomplishing a Doctor of Philosophy in educational psychology and counseling in 1973 (“Jean Watson’s philosophy of nursing”, 2010). Currently, Dr. Watson is a renowned Professor of Nursing at the University Of Colorado Health Sciences Center. Watson is the founder of the Original Center for Human Caring in Colorado.
Hildegard Peplau published the first nursing theory in 1952 and was recognized internationally as a nurse leader. Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory emphasized the nurse as a change agent for patients healing. This encouraged interaction between the patient and nurse including concepts of anxiety, frustration, conflict and needs (George, 2011). She describes four steps in the interactional process that are relevant to nurses; orientation, identification, exploitation and resolution (McCrae, 2011). Her work contributed to the development of the National Mental Health Act of 1946 as well as providing input to the World Health Organization and National Institute of Mental Health (George, 2011).
Nursing philosophy “identifies what is believed to be the basic or central phenomena of the discipline, relates nursing to a particular world view, and provides some information on how one may come to learn about the world”. (p. 13, Salsberry, 2008). My personal philosophy of nursing evolved over the years and includes my observations, beliefs, thoughts, and practices. The purpose of this paper is to discuss my personal philosophy of nursing and the personal and professional experiences that have contributed to the development of my view of nursing. Nineteen ninety-four was a significant year for me; it was the year I began volunteering at the local children's hospital.
(According to University of Phoenix Week Two Supplement (2006), Developmental Historical of Nursing Timeline) 1961, 1990 – Ida Jean Orlando – Yale graduate who became a faculty member – Focus on relationship between the nurse and patient. (According to University of Phoenix Week Two Supplement (2006), Developmental Historical of Nursing Timeline) 1964, 1969 – Ernestine Wiedenbach – Yale graduate who became a faculty member- Focus on relationship between nurse and patient. (According to University of Phoenix Week Two Supplement (2006), Developmental Historical of Nursing Timeline) 1967 – Dickoff, James (Yale philosophers) and Wiedenbach( Yale nurse) all presented a definition of nursing theory and goals for theory development in nursing and it was published in Nursing Research. (According to University of Phoenix
Jean Watson is an American nursing scholar born in West Virginia and now living in Boulder, Colorado. She earned her undergraduate degree in nursing and psychology, her master’s degree in psychiatric-mental health nursing and continued to earn her Ph.D. in educational psychology and counseling from the University of Colorado. Dr. Watson is the founder of the Center for Human Caring in Colorado and has received numerous national and international honors and honorary doctoral degrees. In 1979, Jean Watson developed the Theory of Transpersonal Caring also called Theory of Human Caring or The Caring model. The essence of Watson’s theory is caring for the purpose of promoting healing, preserving dignity, and respecting the wholeness and interconnectedness of humanity (George, 2011).
During her years of experience, Leininger began to recognize the need for a theory surrounding the concept of caring. She was motivated by her observations as a nurse, providing care to children who displayed recurrent behavior patterns related to their culture (Sitzman & Eichelberger, 2011, p. 93). She is a major contributor to nursing practice, research, and academics. “In 1974, she founded the Transcultural Nursing Society and the Journal of Transcultural Nursing to support the research of the society” (University of Washington, 2013, para. 5).
(2013). Retrieved from http://watsoncaringscience.org/about-us/caring-science-definitions-processes-theory This is a website that discusses the 10 caritas of Jean Watson concepts in the Watson’s Caring Science Institute that was founded by Watson in 2008, to help many nurses to understand and demonstrate a caring work ethic to patients. The 10 Caritas are by Jean Watson: 1. Embrace altruistic values and Practice loving kindness with self and others. 2.