The cultural aspect of the sociological imagination involves the “learned ideas, values, knowledge, rules and customs shared by members of a collectivity” (Holmes et al, 2003, pg 11). Culture in the sociological imagination allows the comprehension of why people hold certain ideas and values, and follows certain rules and customs. The critical aspect of the sociological imagination stipulates the initiative to analyze. Although it is, by human nature, to assume the meaning of actions carried out by people, C. Wright Mills claims that assumptions are not enough. Through assumptions, many things are taken for granted and the true meaning is not revealed.
Very little time is spent delving into the past. Due to the fact that truth remedy is answer-oriented, you may study how your behaviour is interfering along with your ability to form stronger relationships and discern out what kind of adjustments you may make to your behaviour to get what you want out of
James Marcia, an Eriksonian researcher, broke down Erikson’s theory of identity. Marcia believes that individuals can be classified with the identity statuses such as identity diffusion, identity foreclosure, identity moratorium, and identity achievement. In short, Marcia found that an individual’s identity is not “set” and is quite fluid. Before an individual’s identity is chosen, individuals go through some kind of process called a crisis where the individual will go through a lot of different phases until they find what they are trying to do or what they are trying to accomplish. Then that individual will have made a commitment towards that accomplishment which will have led them into what they want to do in their life.
Also this can rule out fluke answers which can be ignored. This is then why sociologists like to use questionnaires when conducting research. Questionnaires pose fewer ethical issues than other research methods. With questionnaires some intrusive questions may be asked but it is under the respondent’s choice whether they want to answer that specific question or not. There should be guaranteed anomity so they know that anything that is answered will not be brought back to them as the questionnaire is anonymous.
The author says punctuality and efficiency is valued. People from a polychromic culture have a different view and being on time is not as important. Their meetings can start late and have many things happening at the same time. People from this culture feel many things are combined such as work,
The humanist approach doesn’t describe deviance as a behavior, rather defining it by the reaction and it being a subjective experience. The positivists focus on the high consensus deviance, the deviance that the majority agrees upon, such as hurting yourself or someone else. They want to explain the behavior and believe that it’s caused by the social environment. One theory used to explain behavior by the positivists is control theory. Control theory helps explain “crime, deviance, and especially delinquency” (56) In 1969, Travis Hirschi developed control theory.
It will then be argued that, although there are differences between Mead and Goffmans’ views on the sociology of identity, they are in some way complementary. “We are not, in social psychology, building up the behavior of the social group in term s of the behavior of separate individuals composing it; rather, we are starting out with a given social whole of complex group activity, into which we analyze (as elements) the behavior of each of the separate individuals composing it... We attempt, that is, to explain the conduct of the social group, rather than to account for the organized conduct of the social group in terms of the conduct of the separate individuals belonging to it. For social psychology, the whole (society) is prior to the part (the individual), not the part to the whole; and the part is explained in terms of the whole, not the whole in terms of the part or parts.” (Mead, 1934) George Herbert Mead is one of the most influential examples of theorists’ who argue that “the self” is not present at birth, but is developed through peoples’ social interactions. He believes that an individuals’ identity is constructed by means of symbolic interactionism, only once an individual considers themselves as an object. He places more focus on the interaction between the individual (actor) and the world,
And material consists of physical property, chemic property, and biologic property. Nevertheless, psychological property is just the effect of brainstorming. Consequently, the world doesn’t depend on physical material in Knowledge Argument. In this essay, I will introduce Knowledge Argument by giving two experiments Frank Jackson come up with and analyze the following problems present for physicalism. Next, I will explain Lewis’s reply about why Knowledge Argument can’t refute physicalism.
ON PHENOMENOLOGICAL SOCIOLOGY [1] james L. heap and phillip A. roth University of British Columbia American Sociological Review 1973, Vol. 38 (June): 354-367 The works of Tiryakian, Bruyn and Douglas are examined as representative of "phenomenological sociology." Radical problems are discovered in their use of key concepts in phenomenology: intention, reduction, phenomenon and essence. These problems are shown to arise out of a failure to grasp the nature of the phenomenological enterprise and its relationship to sociology. Turning back to the original formulation of this relationship by Husserl, we discover problems of transcendental intersubjectivity, of type and essence, and of objectivism.
Giddens (2009 p.6) defined sociology as ‘‘the scientific study of human life, social groups, whole societies and the human world as such’’. He argued further about sociology by suggesting that, ‘‘it is a dazzling and compelling enterprise, as its subject matter is our own behaviour as social beings’’. Hence, it is opined that sociology is an academic tool that broadly looks at human organisms’ lives in order to explain why they act the way they do. Black (1979 p.18) defines common sense as ‘‘the style of discourse by which people understand reality in everyday life”. Sociology is in one way or another related to science and common sense but it is also in many ways distinct from the two.