Unitary, Pluralist & Marxist Perspective

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|INTRODUCTION • The term ‘industrial relations’ (IR) came into common use in Britain and North America during the 1920s. It has been joined by personnel management (PM) and, since the 1980s, human resource management (HRM). All three denote a practical activity (the management of people) and an area of academic enquiry. • In a corporate world, it is often said that ‘people are our most important asset’. The focus is employment: all forms of economic activity in which an employee works under the authority of an employer and receives a wage in return for his or her labour. • Industrial relations thus exclude domestic labour and also the self-employed and professionals who work on their own account • The employment relationship is about organizing human resource in view of sustaining not only the productivity of a company as a whole, but also of each individual employee. • Some organizations consider industrial relations the same as employee relations. They are the same yet different. Employee relations is employer & employee relationship. Industrial relations is concerned with organization & union relationship and also rules governing such relationship. • In Malaysia, the employment is governed by legal system that refers to the written acts, such as The Employment Act 1955, The Trade Unions Act 1959 and The Industrial Relations Act 1967. Industrial relations objectives can be identified as: • A commitment to a well managed, harmonious and productive workplace • Compliance with statutory obligations • Maintaining a dispute free industrial environment through sound management of workplace issues. Importantly, communication and consultation with personnel and interested organisations is encouraged • Promoting positive outcomes through productive dispute resolution • Recognition,
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