However, the brain shows great anatomical differences between individuals and also shows plasticity, with different regions changing their function in response to damage to one area17. The lesion method usually assumes that after a focal lesion, the intact regions of the brain continue to function in the same manner as before the lesion. However, with tasks controlled by distributed and plastic circuits, the brain can start to reconfigure rapidly following damage. This reconfiguration is helpful for recovery, but makes it difficult to infer the original function of the healthy brain The lesion method also faces the challenge of differential vulnerability: some areas of the cortex are particularly likely to be damaged by stroke18. Therefore, the locations of brain damage are not randomly distributed in the brain: the design of the brain, its blood supply and the surrounding skull mean that some regions of the brain are damaged more often than others.
People with lewy bodies often suffer hallucinations. Frontal lobe dementia Frontal lobe dementia including Picks disease , in this form of dementia damage to9 brain cells is more localised than in Alzheimers disease , usually beginning in the front part of the brain . Initially personality and behaviour are more affected than memory but in later stages symptoms are similar to Alzheimers. An early sign that someone's language is being affected by dementia is that they can't find the right words – particularly the names of people. The person may substitute an incorrect word, or may not find any word at all.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a result of a sudden blow to the head when an external force is applied causing a disruption of the physiological stability of the brain. It can also occur when an object pierces the skull and enters the brain tissue and when elevation in the intracranial pressure occurs it can potentially change the blood flow within and to the brain. These changes may produce a diminished or altered state of consciousness. Traumatic brain injury is a non-degenerative, non-congenital defect in which there may be permanent or temporary impairment to cognition. TBI or concussions can cause long-term or short-term brain damage among a long list of effects.
Outline and evaluate the biological approaches to causes of abnormality (12marks) The biological approach to abnormality sees mental disorders as caused by abnormal physiological processes such as genetic and biochemical factors. The physical features of the causes of a mental disorder according to the biological approach suggest that abnormality could be affected by brain damage. Abnormal behaviour may occur if the brain’s structure is damaged in some way. Once the disease or brain damage has caused the mental deterioration there is nothing can really be done to stop the damage going any further. Extreme use of alcohol and other drugs can damage the brain and can sometimes cause hallucinations or other symptoms of a mental disorder but is only usually caused by excessive use of alcohol and drugs.
Dementia with Lewy bodies is closely related to Parkinson's disease and often has some of the same symptoms, including difficulty with movement. Front temporal dementia (including Pick's disease) – In front temporal dementia, the front and side parts of the brain are damaged over time when clumps of abnormal proteins form inside nerve cells, causing them to die. At first, changes in personality and behavior may be the most obvious signs. Depending on where the damage is, the person may have difficulties with fluent speech or may forget the meaning of words or objects. 2) Memory problems are usually the most obvious symptom in people with dementia.
Unit 13: Dementia Awareness 1.1 Explain what is meant by the term ‘dementia’ Dementia is not a natural part of the ageing process. It is a progressive illness with a physical cause. Symptoms are caused due to changes in the brain, the more the brain changes the more the severe the symptoms. Dementia is a set of symptoms that may include memory loss, difficulty thinking, problem solving or language. 1.2 Describe the key functions of the brain that are affected by dementia.
That is why memory loss and is often associated with the early stages of Alzheimer's. As the illness progresses besides the hippocampus the disease attacks other parts of the limbic system, including the amygdala, causing aggression and paranoia later on. As neurons are damaged and destroyed in these areas, there is damage to other cognitive functions such as language skills and the ability to plan, make judgments and perform simple tasks. Dementia is a syndrome a collection of signs and symptoms occurring together and not the name for a single disorder. Vascular dementia is caused by problems in supply of blood to the brain; this is typically caused by a cerebrovascular accident, or stroke.
Although there a small amount of cases of Alzheimer’s and frontotemporal dementia can be inherited from a previous generation. Vascular dementia is where the blood supply to the brain is interrupted, if there is restricted or stopped blood supply to the brain that’s when the cells being to die which results in brain damage. * Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s is the most common form of dementia, this form of the disease is the loss of cells in brain which causes the brain to shrink. The medical term for this is ‘Atrophy’. The most affected part of the brain is the Cerebral Cortex; this part
Those experiencing hypoglycaemia may exhibit aphasia--the inability to use or understand words. Hypoglycaemia can also produce hemiplegia, the inability to control motor functions, often on just one side of the body. Tumours or masses occurring in the central nervous system or brain can also mimic a stroke. Although masses typically increase in size progressively over time, the onset of symptoms may be sudden, just as a stroke. As the mass impedes on the brain or blood vessels, symptoms such as seizures and speech problems can occur.
There are many risk and dangers associated with operating a moped. A. Being struck by a vehicle while operating a moped can lead to serious injury. B. Mopeds are typically small, making them harder to be seen by other motorist. C. Broken bones and head injuries are more likely to occur to an individual operating a moped than to an individual in a passenger vehicle.