External respiration which is also known as breathing refers to the inhalation of oxygen from the air into the lungs and expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs to the air. External respiration is a physical process during which oxygen is taken up by capillaries of lung alveoli and carbon dioxide is released from blood. Respiration occurs through our mouth, nose, trachea, lungs and diaphragm. Oxygen enters the respiratory system through the mouth and the nose. The oxygen then passes through the larynx, and the trachea.
Furthermore they diffuse through plasma membranes of red blood cells and bind to the haemoglobin. By the cardiac cycle, oxygen gets transported to cells all over the body, where it’s used for aerobic respiration. One of the products during respiration is carbon dioxide. It is diffused in blood plasma and also transported by the cardiac cycle, back to the lungs. There the carbon dioxide will diffuse down the concentration gradient through endothelial cells in capillaries
Once absorbed by the villi the glucose then travels into the blood stream. The glucose molecules are then transported by the oxygenated blood into the cells. In the cell it is converted into cellular respiration or ATP by the mitochondria. Cellular respiration is a process which requires oxygen and gives out carbon dioxide in order to find energy for the organism. The oxygen comes from the respiratory system.
P4: The Cardiovascular system The cardiovascular system refers to the heart, blood vessels and the systematic circulation (blood). Blood contains oxygen and other nutrients which your body needs to survive. The body takes these essential nutrients from the blood. At the same time, the body dumps waste products like carbon dioxide, back into the blood, so they can be removed. The main function of the cardiovascular system is therefore to maintain blood flow to all parts of the body, to allow it to survive.
The main functions of the blood are to transport, defence, regulation and clotting. The oxygen is carried from the lungs to the cells of the body in red blood cells. Carbon dioxide is carried from the body’s cells to the lungs. Cellular waste such as water, carbon dioxide, lactic acid and urea are carried in the blood to be excreted. Hormones, internal secretions that help to control important body processes are also transported by blood to target organs.
The breakdown of the membranes of these structures, affect the function of his heart cells because lysosomal enzymes which are normally bound safely inside vesicles will digest the plasma membranes and the membranes of the organelles. D.) Predisposition means that Joseph inherited vascular disease. Dna is in the nucleus of the cell. We need DNA to replicate or repair our cells. Also, cytosol is the site of chemical reactions needed to maintain cell structures and allow cell growth.
In the exogenous path the Epithelial, cell lining also known as the small intestines, readily takes in lipids from the food. These lipids including phospholipids, cholesterol and triglycerides, merge with apolipoprotein B-48. In their circulation via the lymphatic vessels, the nascent chylomicrons pass the liver circulation and draining through the thoracic duct and into the bloodstream follows. In the bloodstream, High Density Lipid particles donate apolipoprotein E and apolipoprotein C-II to the nascent chylomicron that is now mature. Through apolipoprotein C-II, the mature chylomicrons activate lipoprotein lipase (LPL).
Outline the Function of the Main Cell Components Lysosome Contains powerful enzymes capable of digesting all major chemical components of living cells. Lysosome Contains powerful enzymes capable of digesting all major chemical components of living cells. Cytoplasm This is a semi-fluid material likened to a gel. It holds together the organelles, apart from the nucleus of the cell and supports the cells structure to make it possible for molecules to be transported. The cytoplasm is also where nutrients are absorbed and processed and is where many chemical reactions take place.
Anatomy and Physiology Task 2: understanding the functioning of the body systems associated with energy metabolism. P4: Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body. The structure and functions of the digestive system: Your digestive system is uniquely constructed to perform its specialized function of turning food into the energy you need to survive and packaging the residue for waste disposal. To help you understand how the many parts of the digestive system work together, here is an overview of the structure and function of this complex system. Mouth The mouth is the beginning of the digestive tract, digestion starts here when taking the first bite of food.
Bronchiole’s have small air sac called alveoli attached to them, which inflate during inhalation and deflate during exhalation. Gas exchange delivers the oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs. Capillaries lie within the walls of the alveoli which make it possible to diffuse the oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveolus and capillary. The oxygen attaches in blood vessels and carbon dioxide is eliminated during exhalation. 3.