However for some women the physical and emotional symptoms that come from menopause can be difficult. Menopause involves hormonal changes all around the body and can cause physical symptoms. When the ovaries stop producing oestrogen and progesterone (the female sex hormones) the oestrogen levels can drop over years. This can cause hot flashes, night sweats and mood swings. During menopause there are many changes that will take place.
Hospitalisation is often the cause of deconditioning, particularly due to the focus on bed rest in order to recover from illness, or the limited mobility resulting from surgery. As some degree of functional decline is inevitable in ageing (Killewich 2006) older people hospitalised in an acute setting are at greater risk of the problems caused by inactivity. This is due to the changes in body composition and function, including sarcopenia, demineralisation, loss of aerobic capacity, loss of vasomotor stability and changes in respiratory function which occur as individuals age (Killewich, 2006). Functional decline of older patients is the leading complication in hospitalisation of the elderly, as the decreased activity associated with bed rest can lead to accelerated bone loss, dehydration, malnutrition, delirium, sensory deprivation, skin breakdown and incontinence (Kleinpell, Fletcher & Jennings 2008). Deconditioning during hospitalisation occurs rapidly in older people, with functional decline from baseline apparent by day two (Kleinpell, Fletcher & Jennings 2008).
Between 16 and 35 years and between 35 and 50 years During infancy babies sleep more than everyone else and have different sleep patterns. They tend to sleep for around 16 hours a day but it is not continuous. They wake every hour due to a shorter sleep wake cycle than adults and their sleep stages consist of quiet sleep and active sleep: these are immature versions of SWS and REM sleep. By the time they have reached 6 months, a sleep-wake cycle is established with 1 or 2 naps during the day and as a result periods of sleep then lengthen. By the age of 5 children have an EEG pattern which is similar and looks like those of an adult but they are still sleeping more than adults with an approximate time of 12 hours in sleep and they also have more increase with approximately 30% of the total sleep time being in REM.
It occurs due to problems with muscles and nerves that help to hold or release urine (NIH, 2010). Urinary incontinence is twice as often in women due to pregnancy and childbirth, menopause, and “the structure of the female urinary tract” (NIH, 2010). Of 25 million adults Americans suffering from some form of urinary incontinence in the United States, 75-80 percent of those are women (CONE Health, 2011). On average, women wait 6.5 years from the first time they experience symptoms until they obtain a diagnosis from their bladder control problems (CONE Health, 2011). However, both women and men can become incontinent from neurologic injury, birth defects, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and physical problems associated with aging (NIH, 2007).
For a female they will go through menopause while a male's repoductive system occurs more gradually and over a longer period of time. Menopause is caused by a change in the balance of the body's sex hormones and when a female’s ovaries stop releasing eggs and menstrual periods stop. This usually occurs when a women is around the age 50 although it can occur earlier or later. The physical effects of menopause are that as their skin is becoming more elastic their breasts are becoming more elongated and flaccid. Female’s ovaries also stop
They also encounter a decrease in breast size due to excess testosterone. Women develop excess facial hair, menstrual irregularities, clitoral enlargement, deepening of their voices, and uterine atrophy. Several of these symptoms are permanent even after termination of steroid use. Again, the consequences of steroids are harmful. Side effects for men include suffering from impotence, ejaculatory problems, and decreased sperm count.
They may have significant emotional losses, such as that of a spouse or home or other drastic changes that affect and change their previous lives and views of self. This paper will discuss the population demographics for the elderly people. In addition it will explain why the elderly population is classified as vulnerable, the challenges on the elderly population, the impact of the elderly population on the health care system, analysis of how stakeholders in various sectors of the American health care system are affected by the elderly population and description of how the health care system can best serve the elderly population. According to the United States Census Bureau, in today century, the rate of growth of the elderly population (persons 65 years old and over) has greatly exceeded the growth rate of the population of the country as a whole. The elderly increased by a factor of 11, from 3 million in 1900 to 33 million in 1994.
It often develops in a person’s late teens or early adult years. At least half of all cases start before age 25. Like diabetes or heart disease, bipolar disorder is a long-term illness that must be carefully managed throughout a person's life. People with bipolar are more likely to abuse drugs or alcohol, have relationship problems, or perform poorly in school or at work. Symptoms of mania associated with bipolar are mood changes and behavioral changes.
According to Kubler-Ross (1969) if individuals fail to adapt to the loss, they do not accept the reality of the loss. They fail to work through the pain of the loss and adjust to the life following to the loss so that they can move on. A person with abnormal grieving may also show signs of a health grieving accompanied by some unusual behaviuors.For example, a person who is grieving in a health manner may hear the voice of the dead loved one and the episodes are brief. While someone with abnormal grieving may continually hear the voice of the dead loved one. Abnormal grieving may last for anexercively period of time.
When an adult with ADD/ADHD losses interest in sex the spouse of the adult feels a major sense of rejection, which is completely natural (Low, 2011). On the other side adults with ADD whose sex drive or need for stimulation can be so high that it also causes problems in a relationship (Low, 2011). This disorder can create conflicts in any romantic relationship, and this conflict can also result in difficulties connecting sexually (Low,