From there, in order to balance oxygen, water molecules are enumerated to the opposite of the equation/reaction. Then from there, the Hydrogen ions need to be balanced, so the same numbers of Hydrogen ions are added to the opposite of the equation. Then it comes to the electrons, the same number of electrons added to a substance in the reduction half of reaction is taken away from the substance in the oxidation of half reaction. The last step is to add
A plant whose cells are in a hypertonic solution will appear droopy because there is a loss of turgor pressure in each cell. When the concentration of water is the same in the cell and the solute the cell is said to be isotonic and is at equilibrium. There is no net movement of water across the membrane. (Biology Department, 2010). Surface area to volume ratio has a direct effect on the amount of water (as well as nutrients and waste) that can diffuse through the plasma membrane.
It carries energy around the cell to where it’s needed. ATP is synthesised from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) using energy from an energy-releasing reaction e.g the breakdown of glucose in respiration. The energy is stored as chemical energy in the phosphate bond, the enzyme ATP synthase catalyses this reaction. ATP diffuses to the part of the cell that needs energy. Here it’s broken down back into ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
There are 3 main processes that comprise respiration: glycolysis; the Krebs cycle; and the respiratory chain. Glucose enters the cell by facilitated diffusion, and glycoloysis then takes place in the cytoplasm. Glucose is phosphorylated (using a phosphate molecule from the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)) to form glucose phosphate, a compound which can also be used for the synthesis of glycogen elsewhere in the cell. Glucose phosphate is phosphorylated again, and splits into two triose phosphate sugars. Each of these is converted in a number of steps to pyruvate (another 3-carbon sugar), a process that releases some energy, and a hydrogen atom, which is transferred for use in the respiratory chain by the co-enzyme NAD.
This occurs when the solution is saturated. • The equilibrium constant, the Ksp, is no more than the product of the ions in solution. (Remember, solids do not appear in equilibrium expressions.) • For a saturated solution of AgCl, the equation would be: AgCl(s) Ag+(aq) + Cl−(aq) • • The solubility product expression would be: Ksp = [Ag+][Cl−] The AgCl(s) does not appear in the equilibrium expression since solids are left out. Why?
Hudon-Miller, S. (2012). Description of the Bohr Effect for the association and disassociation of oxygen and hemoglobin The Bohr Effect is the relationship between pH (measurement of hydronium concentration of a solution) and hemoglobin’s ability to bind oxygen. Low pH is acidic. High pH is basic. When CO2 is higher, pH is lower or acidic.
Maya Chamseddine 9m3 Mrs. Anwar science It might be said: Introduction: Indicators are used to test alkalinity and acidity of various items. These items may be present as either an acid chemical solution, basic chemical solution or a neutral chemical solution. Acidic solution meaning any item with a high PH, connoting potential hydrogen, neutral meaning nor a high or low PH and base meaning an item with a low PH. We use a PH scale to measure the concentration of acidity and alkalinity in a chemical solution. It is determined that acids tend to loose their potential hydrogen easily whereas bases are more than likely to hold on to their hydrogen.
Hypotonic is when the solution has a lower solute concentration compared to the water potential. The hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration and lower water potential. In an isotonic solution, there is no net movement and there is an equal concentration of solutes and water. In our lab, we modeled diffusion and osmosis with a hospital scenario. It is important for an IV solution to have salts in it so the water and solute can be equal to create an isotonic environment.
A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound that is added in small amounts to a solution so that the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually. Hence a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions (H3O+) or hydrogen ions (H+) in the Arrhenius model. Normally, the indicator causes the color of the solution to change depending on the pH. At 25° Celsius, considered the standard temperature, the pH value of a neutral solution is 7.0. Solutions with a pH value below 7.0 are considered acidic, whereas solutions with pH value above 7.0 are basic.
The two types of passive transport are diffusion and osmosis. Diffusion is the movement of materials down a concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to an area of lo concentration. Osmosis is the diffusion of water(movement of water down a concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Both types of passive transport continue until equilibrium(the material or water is equal in all areas) is reached. When a solution a cell is placed in has more more atoms than the cell has the solution is known as a hypertonic solution while a solution holding less water than the cell it is known as a hypotonic solution.