1.3 What is meant by…. Infection~ A term used for an illness that has been caused by a harmful organism/bacteria. Colonisation~ This term is to identify when bad bacteria can be present but is causing no illness or harm to the carrier. 1.4 Systemic infection~ This is where an infection affects all the body and also the cognitive matter and can make the whole body feel unwell like chest/urine infections or septicemia. Localised infection~ Is where the pain can be pinpointed and is coming from the cause itself and the area that it homes at, this would be things like cuts/wounds to the skin or an ingrown toenail.
They are referred to as pathogens and need to be observed so we can prevent the spreading of disease caused by those particular microbes. This experiment isolated a specific species
Unit 20 1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites 1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, Fungi and parasites 1.3 Describe what is meant by ‘infection’ and ‘colonisation’ 1.4 Explain what is meant by ‘systemic infection’ and ‘localised infection’ 1.5 Identify poor practices that may lead to the spread of infection 2.1 Explain the conditions needed for the growth of micro-organisms 2.2 Explain the ways an infective agent might enter the body 2.3 Identify common sources of infection 2.4 Explain how infective agents can be transmitted to a person 2.5 Identify the key factors that will make it more likely that infection will Occur 1; 1 the difference between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites are: Viruses are coated genetic material that invade cells and use the cell's apparatus for reproduction. Bacteria are single celled organisms. Some classify them as a separate (fourth) kingdom Bacteria are single celled organisms. Some classify them as a separate (fourth) kingdom on the tree of life. Fungi are multi-celled organisms that form a third Kingdom of life, along with the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom.
Give an example of how each of these specifically applies to the Smackey Dog Food, Inc audit. For instance, examine the apparent internal control weaknesses and possible negative outcome of each. Solution: Planning and risk assessment, substantive tests, test of internal controls, and audit completion. Planning and Risk assessment – During the planning stage the audit team as mentioned previous needs to gain an understanding of the Smackey dog Foods business and industry. After they do that they can assess the risk.
There are special forms which must be completed when diseases occur. There are 28 categories of reportable diseases including poisoning, and skin and lung diseases. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) – Are regulations which have been set up to protect workers from the health risks which arise from exposure to hazardous substances at work. These regulations relate to controlling substances such as soldering fumes, sawdust, flour and grain dust and biological agents, all of which can give rise to disease. To comply with COSHH employers need to ensure that they: * Carry out risk assessments * Set up and maintain a framework of precautions * Monitor exposure and carry out regular disease surveillance * Have plans of action in place in the event of an accident or emergency * Ensure that all staff supervised and trained in the use of hazardous substances
Others exist in the environment as spores of moulds A parasite is an organism that lives on or in another organism, harming the host. 1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria Tuberculosis Urinary tract infections Viruses Influenza Herpes Chickenpox and shingles Fungi Ringworm Candida Parasites Malaria Tapeworms 1.3 Describe what is meant by ‘infection’ and ‘colonisation’ sometimes we can have a disease causing organism living on/in us but not be showing symptoms of illness this is known as colonisation. If the organism is making us ill this is infection. 1.4 Explain what is meant by ‘systemic infection’ and ‘localised infection’ A systemic infection is in the bloodstream and has spread or is spreading around the body. They normally spread through the bloodstream and most of the infectious diseases known to the general public are examples of systemic infections (AIDs, flu, tuberculosis) Localised infections remain in one part of the body and do not cause problems
Issues Outcomes Discussion Past EPA Violation Exposure to litigation Any future problems that could be attributed to Alumina; could be pointed here Violation of environmental discharge norms EPA Alumina effects vs. traffic in the area. Accusation Settlement, damaged reputation Kelly bates attributes Childs leukemia to alumina contamination Perception Media control, Deferring issue to heavy traffic in area, Possibly publishing internal investigation; inviting EPA evaluation; contributing to traffic issue FOIA Full disclosure , partial, no release Let out company secrets, give a little but not to much, lead to possible cover up allegation News agencies potential loss of costumers News agencies have Time and money Loss of revenue to
1.Personnel at the awareness level work in a(n) __________ tactical mode. (1 point) D. Non-interventional 2. A non-living substance produced by living plants and animals that may be used as a biological agent is called: (1 point) C. Toxin 3.Any terrorist device that may contain biological agents, nuclear material, incendiaries, chemical agents and compounds, or explosives is known as a: (1 point) B. Weapon of mass destruction 4. The early symptoms of anthrax exposure are: (1 point) A. Flu-like chills, fever, nausea, and swelling of lymph nodes 5.When applying the RAIN principle to biological agents, what does the “A” stand for?
Bad Bug Book Handbook of Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Introduction Food safety is a complex issue that has an impact on all segments of society, from the general public to government, industry, and academia. The second edition of the Bad Bug Book, published by the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, provides current information about the major known agents that cause foodborne illness. The information provided in this handbook is abbreviated and general in nature, and is intended for practical use. It is not intended to be a comprehensive
The most popular theory is that the body’s immune system reacts abnormally in people with Crohn’s disease, mistaking bacteria, foods, and other substances for being foreign (www.gicare.com). The immune system’s response is to attack the invaders. During this process, white blood cells accumulate in the lining of the intestines, producing chronic inflammation, which leads to ulcerations and bowel injury. Scientists do not know if the abnormality in the functioning of the immune system in people with Crohn’s disease is cause, or a result, of the disease (www.gicare.com). Researches have shown that the inflammation seen in the GI tract of people with Crohn’s disease involves several factors such as genes the patient has inherited, immune system and environmental factors