Latifah McCollough Dr. B. Jack HIS 1302-08 April 20, 2010 Primary Source Analysis In 1949 China, under the leadership of Mao Zedong, China passed a law that granted women the same rights as men in a marriage. This was a big step in China because China’s traditional values grant men all authority. Because it was a law that broke the traditional values of the Chinese, Chinese men and women of the 1940’s may not have respected the law as well as they did others. This was the beginning of China moving forward and catching up with countries such as the United States and Europe. Many women in China were typical house wives in the 1940’s.
The people of China have been most influenced by Confucian ideas, and during the Han Dynasty Confucianism became part of the official education. Since Confucianism was being taught widespread it influenced the minds of the Chinese people enormously. Something the Confucian ideals taught was that women must hold a position that has less power than men, lowering the status of women. The only way a women could gain any type of respect was by birthing a son. It was taught that women should not have any type of rule and no one should care about a women’s ideas.
Article 25 says that “The state promotes family planning so that population growth may fit the plans for economic and social development”, and Article 49 states that “Both husband and wife have the duty to practice family planning”. In fact, the constitution cannot enforce jurisdiction directly in China, so the government has published many treaties, rules and ordinances to execute this policy, and finally in 2001, there was a law for family planning. However, as there is a serious decline of newborns and the population growth was slow down, China has lost benefits because of the large population. This means that the labor cost is gradually becoming higher, and the productivity of the whole country is a slowing down. Also, the aging society has become a big problem in China, which is only a developing country.
To what extent were changing ideologies the most significant force for change in China, 1949-1989 Between the years 1949 and 1989, China underwent numerous significant social and political changes. The beginning of this 40-year era was occupied with the ‘liberation’ of China, as the Peoples’ Republic of China was established; however the notorious Tiananmen Square Massacre marked the end of this era. The vast majority of both minor and major social, economic and political changes occurring between these years can be attributed to changing ideologies. Thus, changing ideologies were the crucial but not sole catalyst for change in contemporary China, 1949-1989 by building the foundations for political and social change, therefore being the most significant force for change to a major extent. The various political, social and economic reforms introduced by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) under Mao’s leadership, factionalism within the CCP itself and the changed ideologies of Deng Xiaoping were external factors crucial for the changes which occurred in China during this era.
Feminists Feminism is a view that examines the world from the point of view from women, coupled with the belief that women are disadvantaged and undervalued in society. Feminists believe that the majority of societies and institutions are patriarchal and male dominated. Feminists believe society is characterised by gender conflict as men seek to protect their dominance and women strive for equal rights and opportunities. Feminist approaches to health The medicalization of child birth Ann Oakley examined the experiences of women during childbirth in her research and book ‘from here to maternity’. Oakley found that up until the 1980s pregnancy and childbirth were seen as natural processes and consequently there was less intervention from doctors.
People will always seek a better place to live, for there is always -in their opinion- a better country or region to live in. The reasons may be because of unfair treatment, such as in the movie China Rising, where the Chinese sold their homes for much less then they should have been. It also may be because of underpay and overwork as seen in the movie China Blue. It may also be because of dangers in the countries, such as in the movie Go Back Where You Came From, where people that lived in war torn countries, or countries under the influence of dictatorship, where you rights are ignored and your free will taken. In countries and places like these, the citizens want to find safe place, where they can rest assured, where they do have rights, and where their cries for mercy are not simply ignored and swept aside like dust.
Female Infanticide in China Throughout Chinese history families have always valued males over females. Males could help harvest the fields, bring in a dowry, and carry down the surname to future generations. This has led to a major problem in present-day China: Female infanticide. Female infanticide, caused by many factors such as abortion and the One-Child Policy in China, will lead to a significant gender imbalance, a shortage of wives, and a premature senior citizen class unless acted upon by the government. Female infanticide became more prevalent in the 1900’s.
Moreover, the ideas of Émile Durkheim are afresh proved to be useful and valuable to the sociological research on suicide. Nevertheless, his theories may no longer be as applicable to the majority of the nations around the world due to the spatial and time limits. In the end, the Chinese society should learn from other regions and begin implementing both national-level legislations, and also grass-roots projects to tackle the suicide rates and stop them from returning back to the levels of the 1990s. Ultimately, there is still much space for further discussion and numerous topics to be covered within the subject of suicide in China. With more available information and statistics each year it should only be anticipated that both the state and the local levels of the society will be more knowledgeable about the problem and more capable of tackling it on multiple
The Developing Economies, XXXIII-2 (June 1995) URBANIZATION IN CHINA REEITSU KOJIMA INTRODUCTION C process of urbanization followed its own peculiar pattern until the early 1980s due to the government’s strict regulation of intra-country migration. During the latter half of the 1950s, the government closed the labor market and placed strict controls on the movement of people from rural to urban areas. During the next two decades China’s citizens lost the freedom to choose and change their occupation and residence. These controls began to slacken from the early 1980s as the people’s commune system was phased out. In the mid1980s the labor market was virtually reconstituted, and though regulation of migration still exists, the actual pattern of population movement has increasingly begun to resemble that of other developing countries.
Equal opportunity has changed the way businesses and organizations recruit, hire, and even act in the working environment. These changes have been put in place due to the increasing numbers of women, people with different racial and ethnic backgrounds, persons of different ages, their able-bodied ness, and religion. EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION IN CHINA 1. Gender Discrimination in Employment Gender inequalities permeate many aspects of the employment problem. Although the Chinese government has made consistent efforts to prohibit gender discrimination in the workplace by creating constitutional provisions and legislation that promote gender equality, the practical influence that these laws have exerted on the society and employers has been limited.