It also affected the economy as payrolls, pay rates, salaries, or wages decreased as the population increases due to rapid urbanization. The rapid urbanization and soaring population also resulted in rapid spread of diseases due to the condition and situation of the new industrial city. 2.) How did the factory system change the way people worked? Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most of the people migrated from farms to cities, also known as urbanization.
Negative affects relating to urbanisation is becoming increasingly concerning especially as there is an increased number of people who are moving out of the rural area into the urban/suburban areas. One of the causes of the heat island effect is the lack of vegetation in urban areas, the soil and vegetation would normally take part in photosynthesis and use the absorbed the sunlight to do the process of evaportranspiration. Another cause of the heat island is that the materials used on buildings such as concrete, bricks and tarmac all act like bare rock surfaces and so they absorb large quantities of heat throughout the day especially due to their dark colour. This heat is then stored during the day and slowly released at night. Many urban surfaces such as buildings with large windows have a high reflective capacity; many multi-storey buildings tend to concentrate the heating effect in the surrounding streets by reflecting the heat energy downwards.
Environmentally sustainable pollution management To begin with pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to physical systems or living organisms. This occurs at very high levels in densely populated areas such as megacities. In large cities, the ministries of the environment usually handle important issues concerning the pollution levels in the cities. These can be managed using various strategies which lead to environmental sustainability such as reducing waste disposal by improving the recycling in a city, forcing stricter measures regarding the emissions of both private and public companies and by improving the public transport. Mexico City is one of the largest cities in the world with a population close to twenty million people.
This limited the expansion of the cities and lead to overcrowding, since this was where a majority of the jobs were located in the central city. Moving on to stage 2, which went from the 1880’s to World War I. The introduction of the electric streetcar, which allowed people to move about faster and not have to walk as much. With an easier way to move about this changed the housing type. The housing type changed from multiple-family housing to two or single-family housing, making the urban area form a star like shape.
The documentary, Urbanized, by Gary Hustwit's examines urban development worldwide. He notes that more people are moving towards the cities from rural areas placing a great deal of strain on city planners as they formulate their strategies for the coming years of development. I was struck by the diversity of needs by the cities mentioned in the documentary. Mumbai has as many people living in slums as all of London and is set to be the largest city in the world in 2050 according to the documentary. Poor people are moving into slums because the city design has no space for them and this lack of space causes slums to become more and more dense.
However, when decentralisation occurs, urban centres suffer many negative impacts. Urbanisation is the process of inner city functions and powers dispersing and redistributing away out of city to more sparse areas, usually on rural-urban fringe. Manchester is a particular city that has both suffered from decentralisation, but has also been somewhat successful in its attempt to tackle this issue. During the 1950’s, shops located in the city centre tended to only sell high order goods such as furniture and jewelry, attracting customers from all around and from out of the city, whereas shops selling low order goods like food were found local to individual neighbor hoods. At the start of the 1970’s, shops began to move and spread away from the CBD to areas on the outskirts of the city.
The aim of these UDCs was to regenerate inner city areas that had large amounts of derelict and un-used land by taking over planning responsibility from local councils. These UDCs had the power to acquire and reclaim land, convert old buildings and improve infrastructure through the investment of government money. The London Docklands Development Corporation During the 19th century, London's port was one of the busiest in the world, but by the end of the 1950s it was in significant decline with many of the docks derelict and abandoned. Due to increased the use of shipping containers (Containerization), as the shipping cranes could not cope with the weight of the shipping containers due to there lack of strength, size and instability. In response to the resulting social, economic and environmental problems the London Docklands Development Corporation (LDDC) was set up in 1981.
Bird and nesting spaces are at risk and the plans will bring a big rise in people moving to this area. The infrastructure is not build to absorb this big rise in the population and in the long run the effects will be more carbon dioxide is exposed as more houses, more cars and more traffic will dominate the area and less green space will increase the risk of flooding due to the build-up on the land which currently floods in wet weather. Words: 262 2. A) The data in Figure 1 show that the main waste comes from the construction and mining / quarrying industry however while the waste generated in the construction industry has remained above 100 million tonnes per year, the mining / quarrying waste has reduced between 2002 and 2008 most likely due