C) In terms of communication, nerve cells communicate with one another by having the dendrites receive the messages from other cells. The dendrites job is to receive information and conduct it
1. a) What are the parts of a neuron? - The parts of a neuron are dendrites, axons, the cell body, the terminal branches and myelin sheath. b) How are neural impulses generated? - Neural impulses are generated when a brief electrical charge travels down the spine. c) How does one nerve cell communicate with another?
Epithelial cells that produce secretions are called gland cells. Individual gland cells are scattered with other cells in an epithelium. In a glandular epithelium, most or all of the cells produce secretions and they are discharged as “exocrine”. Exocrine is discharged onto the surface of the epithelium. “Endocrine” secretions are released into the surround tissue fluid and blood.
4. A motor neuron conducts a nerve impulse along an efferent pathway from the integration center to an effector. 5. An effector responds to the efferent impulses by contracting (if the effector is a muscle fiber) or secreting a product (if the effector is a gland). Reflexes can be categorized as either autonomic or somatic.
Clear intro to topic and essay Q The nervous system is the body’s internal electrochemical communications network. Its main parts are the brain, spinal cord and the nerves. The brain and the spinal cord form the central nervous system, which is the body’s chief controlling and coordinating centre and billions of long neurones, many grouped as nerves, make up the peripheral nervous system, transmitting nerve impulses between the central nervous system and other regions of the body. Each neuron has three parts, a cell body, branching dendrites that receive chemical signals from other neurons and a tube-like axon that conveys these signals as electrical impulses. There are two types of neurons: sensory neurons and motor neurons.
What do the neurotransmitter molecules do once they are released into the synaptic cleft? As the neurotransmitter chemicals travel across the synaptic cleft, they bind to receptors, such as the ones found on the ligand gated ion channels, on the postsynaptic membrane. 11. Neurotransmitters cause postsynaptic ion channels to open. Explain how this can lead to either a graded potential or a hyperpolarization.
Outline the body’s response to stress (6 marks) There are two types of stress: acute and chronic stress. Acute stress (short-term stress) causes the body to respond through a process called the sympthomedullary pathways. This immediate response is achieved because of the hypothalamus’s direct link to the nervous system which causes the activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). This is a branch from the autonomic nervous system. The SNS also regulates the sympathetic adrenal medullary system (SAM).
Hormones and Behaviors Ronnie Gordon BEH/225 8/21/2015 George Green Hormones and Behaviors The Endocrine system is how the human body communicates feelings and emotions. Along with the endocrine system, the nervous system works to assist the lungs with breathing. Both the endocrine system and the nervous system work together to make the heart to pump as well as assist the brain in making decisions. The endocrine system works by using hormones or chemical responses to affect the physiological activity inside a person’s body. Hormones cause cells to activate and once activated, the cells must have a receptor spot for the hormone.
This system contains two major types of neurons: sensory neurons (or afferent neurons) that carry information from the nerves to the central nervous system, and motor neurons (or efferent neurons) that carry information from the brain and spinal cord to muscle fibers throughout the body. The Autonomic Nervous System The autonomic system is the part of the peripheral nervous system responsible for regulating involuntary body functions, such as blood flow, heartbeat, digestion and breathing. This system is further divided into two branches: the sympathetic system regulates the flight-or-fight responses, while the parasympathetic system helps maintain normal body functions and conserves physical
Its five main regions help regulate basic life processes, including breathing, pulse, arousal, movement, balance and sleep and the early stage of processing sensory information. The central core consists of the thalamus which relays sensory and motor signals to cerebral cortex, the pons which relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum, the cerebellum which deals with motor control, the reticular formation which deals with multiple tasks such as regulating the sleep-wake cycle and filtering incoming stimuli to discriminate irrelevant background stimuli, and finally the medulla which contains the cardiac, respiratory, vomiting and vasomotor centers and so deals with the autonomic (involuntary) functions of breathing, heart rate and blood pressure. (The Central Core, Discovering Psychology) The limbic system exists only in mammals. Its regions mediate motivated behaviours, emotional states, and memory processes. The limbic system regulates body temperature, blood pressure, blood sugar level, and other housekeeping activites.