Prison violence is not something new to the prison population, in fact, there have been many studies done on the subcultures of prison and the effect the prison itself has on these subcultures. From these studies, there has been some interesting insight into the ways in which prisons themselves seem conducive to the violence that goes on in these facilities. Within the prison walls, there is a life different then that lived on the outside. “The day-to day experiences of inmates are not only affected by the official, formal organization of prisons; an informal organization among inmates- known to criminologists as the inmate subculture- is equally influential” (law.jrank.org, 2009). These inmate subcultures contain distinctive languages and sets of informal norms, attitudes, beliefs, values, statuses, and roles that give prisoners a different perspective from people on the outside, or those of us in “the free world” (law.jrank.org, 2009).
The security levels are based on presence of external patrol, towers, security barriers, or detection devices. Federal prisons are run by the “The Bureau of Prisons (BOP) provides services and programs to address inmate’s needs. The services are based on the characteristics and needs of the inmate population” (The Bureau of Prisons). The strategy is to enter inmates into educational classes, special technical training courses, and other activities that will help them develop back into a law abiding citizen. The second prison we talk about is state prisons.
Outline and evaluate two explanations of Institutional aggression Institutional aggression refers to aggressive behaviour that occurs within an institute like schools and prisons, and within larger institutes like armed forces and police forces. Institutional aggression is motivated by social norms rather than anger or frustration. For example, Physical abuse from individuals during rituals and abusive acts to destroy national, racial and religious groups. Irwin and Cressey proposed the “ Importation Model” where they argued that people who enter a prison, do not enter with a blank slate, and they carry their characteristics/traits ( e.g. Values and attitudes) with them, which influence their adaptation to the prison environment.
Activities that would be considered criminal in the 1700s would not be considered a crime today. In today’s corrections we use jail or prison as our most common punishment some states still practice the death penalty as a capital punishment but we also use a rehabilitation and probation as a punishment as well. The realities of correctional enterprise concur with justifications of punishments with some cases. All criminals are not the same. There are criminals that need help but do not get help there for result in criminal activity.
Discuss psychological explanations of two or more forms of institutional aggression Institutional aggression can be divided into two basic variations. These are between or within groups. IA within groups can be explained with the importation and deprivation models. The importation model suggests that individuals bring their own behavioural coping mechanisms into the institutionalised environment and present them as a result to stressful surroundings and these influence their adaptation to this environment. For example an aggressive person in a prison will deal with situations in there with aggressive social mechanisms.
Finally, I will research a special offender population program and explain the characteristics and effects of this program on the special population. The affects of special need inmates on the jail and prison system
Institutional aggression is the violent behaviour which exists within institutions, this can often be a defining feature of the group. There are two theories for why institutional aggression occurs, the first based on a dispositions, the importation model, the second around situational factors, the deprivation model. The importation model was derived by Irwin and Cressey who classified prisoners into three separate subcultures based on their different attitudes, values and experiences suggesting that it is these characteristics which can predict whether they will be more aggressive within the prison system. The first of the three was the ‘criminal’ subculture, these are those who follow the norms associated with criminality and thrive off trust between other prisoners. The second subculture is the ‘convicts’ these are those who have been raised in the prison system and therefore are the most likely to become aggressive as they look for power inside.
The Precautions, Steps, and Measures Taken to Control Gangs and Security Threat Groups in Prison Andrew Cyr Western New England College Abstract In prison it is understood that there is violence and unruly conduct due to the very nature of being incarcerated. Because of anti-social behavior and actions of inmates prison becomes a society within itself. This paper focuses primarily on gang violence in prison and the procedure and methods used by correctional officers to limit the amount of violence by these gangs. Also, juvenile gang control and the future of gang violence in prison will be discussed. The Precautions, Steps, and Measures Taken to Control Gangs and Security Threat Groups in Prison Overview Gangs in America have multiplied at such an extreme that even the smallest counties have reported some forms of gang activity in their communities.
When offenders are sentenced to the department of corrections, in most states they are transported to a classification facility for an assesment and to be processed for the offenders needs. Security levels are an issue with imprissonment. Individuals will recieve a security level to decide the type of prison to be introduced to--depending on the crime commited. There is a range of security levels from minimum to supermaximum security facilities. the offender is then assignened a custody level when introduced to the prison to show the prcuastion that needs to be taken while working with them.
Marilyn T. Hawkins Introduction to Corrections Professor R. Baker October 26, 2011 Chapter 1 – The Correction System; Chapter 2 – The Early History of Correctional Thought and Practices; Chapter 3 – The History of Corrections in America The Core Issues The range of purpose served by the corrections system. The means of social control is corrections and its purpose is holding people who commit the crimes or accused of doing the crimes. It also carries out that sentences that are given by the courts, including incarceration and being supervised in the community as well as services for rehabilitation. The system’s framework is complexes because it consists of interconnected parts where their operations are directed toward the common goals that were motivated by the environment that they functioned. It’s a useful approach because it helps our comprehension of how the many-sided conditions of corrections can and will affect others.