The theologian Johann Maier had a goal to expose Luther and invited him to speak at a disputation: a public debate concerning the doctrines of free will and grace. At the disputation, which was between Maier and Luther’s colleague Andreas Karlstadt, Luther said that the popes did not have the exclusive right to interpret scripture. This made him an enemy of the pope. On 15 June 1520, the Pope, in the form of a letter told Luther to recant 41 sentences from his writings including the 95 Theses, and to do it within 60 days or risk excommunication. He refused to do this, set fire to the Papal Bull and defended his actions in Why the Pope and his Recent Book are Burned and Assertions Concerning All Articles.
The Bishop of Laon and Odo I devised a plan to capture Hugh and put him in the custody of Otto III, but the plan failed in 993. Neither Laon or Odo was punished or imprisoned for their failed attempt. On October 24, 996 Hugh Capet died. His death is believed to be caused by smallpox. After his death his son Robert succeeded him to the throne.
Pilgrims were religious people who travel to make sacred, to holy places in Jerusalem. In 1065, the Turks captured the city of Jerusalem. About three thousand Christians were killed and others were mistreated which led to the crusade for the resurrection of the holy crusade. The deaths and treatment of these Christians motivated the storm throughout in Europe, resulting in the desire to save the holy land and Jerusalem from the “infidel.” Religious, Christian wants to visit the holy land for the remembrance of the sacrifice our Lord, Jesus Christ made as the Lamb of God. Not only people with religious conviction had the courage to resurrect
There was an immediate call for a new crusade. However, surprisingly enough, there was not an overwhelming response. Eugenius first appealed to the young King Louis of France. In December of that same year he addressed a papal bull to the king, proclaiming a new crusade: ...We therefore beseech, admonish and command all of you, and we enjoin it for the remission of sins, that those who are on God's side - especially the more powerful and noble men - that they gird themselves manfully and attack the pagan multitudes.. liberate the Eastern church, and strive to wrest many thousands of our captive brethren from their hands... (Brundage, 1962,
It was first addressed as a problem during the Gregorian reform, when Pope Leo IX condemned the bishop of Sutri for simony and the bishop then died on the spot (Bennett pg. 170). This event led Leo IX to campaign against Church corruption. In her textbook, Medieval Europe: A Short History, Judith M. Bennett says: To many lay princes, this sale of Church offices was entirely
Flashes of sporadic violence against the English continued, but by bandits and outlets rather than any semblance of an organised military force. Henry IV died in 1413, and was succeeded by the less Plantagenet, more astute Henry of Monmouth, Henry V. He began to offer the Welsh rebels pardons. Owain's son Marededd refused a pardon until 1421, leading some historians to suspect that this was the year in which he died. One theory is that he ended his life as a the family chaplain on his daughter Alys' estate she shared with her husband, Sir Henry Scudamore, the sheriff of
• From 1678 to 1681 the idea of another Catholic plot called ‘The Popish Plot’ which was at the time entirely fictional , was to kill Charles II the protestant King in order to bring back King James II, a Catholic to the throne. Importance • In January 1606 the failed plotters were found guilty of high treason (trying to kill the king). They were hung, drawn and quartered. • Many Protestants in England were very pleased with the failure of the Catholic plot because it looked as though God had stopped it and so the Protestant religion was the correct religion. Durability • The current queen’s ‘Yeoman of the Guard’ still searches the cellars of the Houses of Parliament before each state opening… just in case!
Parliament didn't like Charles main advisor Buckingham and they tried to punish him but failed so Charles got angry and sent 2 MPs to prison. In 1629 Charles closed down parliament and decided to reign without them this meant even more problems were coming his way. Parliament had only given Charles custom duties for one year and he needed more money after that year so he decided to collect a tax called ship money . Ship money was only to be collected in the time of war and by the coast of the country but there was no war going on and the navy didn't need to be changed but still he collected the ship money for no reason and also started collecting ship money from the land that wasn't in the cost. Because he did this without parliaments approval parliament got angry.
He was said to have shouted out to a crowd, “Will no one rid me of this troublesome priest?” Four knights had heard what Henry shouted and took it to mean that he wanted Becket dead. These knights went off to Canterbury to find Becket and carry out the deed. When they arrived they found Becket and murdered him on December 29th 1170 in the Canterbury Cathedral. The pope quickly made Thomas Becket a saint and his death gave the Church more power than Henry II. His death was significant to many; the place of his death quickly became a place of
October 31, 1517, Martin Luther, a Roman Catholic priest and Augustinian monk, nailed his 95 Theses on the entrance of the Wittenberg church, convicting the selling of “indulgences”, commissioned by Pope Leo X, as immoral conveniences (Oberman). These indulgences, for lack of a better term, were said to have guaranteed the diminution of sins and to have been used for the construction of St. Peter’s Basilica and distribute funds to local districts (Graves). Tortured by obsessions of his own damnation, regardless of a life devoted to divine service, Luther came to consider that the customary means of achieving salvation were insufficient (“Martin Luther”). By nailing his 95 Theses to the gate of the Wittenberg church and stating the opinions