In typical cases, the most frequently used form of aggression is physical aggression, such as hitting or any kind of physical harm. Homosexual domestic violence does not happen as frequently as it would in a heterosexual case. In the article “Invisible Victims: Same Sex Intimate Partner Violence in the National Violence Against Women Survey”, Messinger (2011) developed an experiment, consisting of 14,182 participants, both heterosexual and homosexual, that were either abused by their partner, or were the abuser themselves. In this survey the participants were asked to fill out a survey that consisted of questions relating to four specific types of intimate violence; verbal, sexual, physical, and controlling. The results of the survey showed that the overwhelming majority of abusers and victims who were involved in verbal and controlling form of domestic violence were homosexual partners.
Abuse is also more committed by someone the child knows. Research conducted that psychological problems are more prevalent among those who have been sexually abused than among people with no experience. When children are sexually abused, their emotional view on the world changes and creates trauma. Symptoms associated with child sexual abuse are anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, aggressiveness, suicidal behavior and inappropriate sexual behavior.
The criminal code also states that “any force used against another person without his or her consent is considered assault”. When spanking a child, their consent is not asked for, therefore meaning that spanking a child is a form of assault. Children also are not fully mature and cannot decide when correctional force crosses the line becoming assault. We need to protect our young not discriminate against them. Section 43 is not justifiable under section 1 of the Charter.
It is thought that it is the behaviour of a few ‘sick’ or disturbed individuals, but in actual fact Domestic Violence is far too widespread to be the work of just a few individuals. A minority pattern is that men are abused by women in some cases; official statistics say that 1 in 7 men are abused at some point in their lives by a woman, and 1 in 20 men experience it repeatedly. Another pattern is 1% of Domestic Violence cases are committed by women on another woman. Mirrlees - Black’s (1999) survey of 16,000 people estimates that there are 6.6 million Domestic assaults a year, about half of those involving physical injury. Domestic Violence is not random but follows particular social patterns and these patterns have social causes.
Explain the tension between community interests & individual rights and freedoms within then criminal justice system.? Crime is defined as an act or omission committed against the community at large that is punishable by the state. It is a constantly changing area so it can reflect upon societies changing values. The tension within the criminal justice system explores whether the rights of an individual should be infringed to protect a community so they feel safe. In relation to crime, the idea of tension is an issue due to the conflicting demands between the victim, accused and society.
Here are some key facts about youth sex offenders. Youth sex offenders are statistically less likely than are both adult sex offenders and juveniles who committed non-sex offenses to re-offend 1. The National Center on Sexual Behavior of Youth (NCSBY) reports that only 5% to 14% of juvenile sex offenders re-offend (compared to approximately 40% of adults, as reported by the Bureau of Justice). The re-offense rate for sex offenses is substantially lower than are the recidivism rates for other adolescent delinquent behavior, which range from 8% to 58%. 2.
technical name of the offence, description of the offence and less then half of the web sites list the level of risk of the offender. Increasingly states are including description of the offenders car, license plate, online maps to the offenders residence, name and offenders of the offenders employer, and even click to print fliers for easy distribution. The definition for sex offender means many different things. One type of sex 3 offender could be a rapist while another might be an 18 year old boy having sex with a 15 year old girl. As I had learned just recently that there was a 10 year old caught touching girls 5 years old in ways that he should not have been.
Physical bullying declines with age and is the least common form (Olweus, 1993). In girls, covert bullying tends to increase in frequency in late primary school, whilst it increases in early secondary school amongst boys. It usually occurs within the same gender, that is 47% amongst boys and 48% amongst girls (Cross et al., 2009). However, 32% of boys and 28% of girls were bullied by both genders. Covert bullying was slightly higher amongst girls with overt bullying being higher amongst boys (Cross et al., 2009).
When a person is drunk, they can commit any kind of crime because they are not in their right mind at that particular moment but, the law doesn’t know if you are drunk or not and the law or punishment against sexual assault is high. The victims of rape or sexual assault are mostly women. “Sexual assault, including rape, occurs most commonly among women in the late adolescence and early childhood, usually within the context of a date’. In one survey, approximately 10percent of female of the high school students reported having being rape. Research suggests that alcohol use by the offender, the victims or both, increases the likelihood of sexual assault by a male acquaintance (NIAAA).
SOME OF THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SMACKING CHILDREN * Smacking is one of the less common methods used by parents to manage their children’s behaviour. * Parents’ attitudes towards smacking have shifted over time – smacking is less likely to be used by parents whose children are currently under 18 than those whose children are now adults, and younger parents tend to hold a more negative view of smacking. * About half of parents think it is sometimes necessary to smack a naughty child, and many say they have smacked at least one of their children. * The majority of parents think the law should allow parents to smack their children. * About two-thirds of children reported having been smacked at some point, with children being smacked more often when they are younger.