Two of the architects who built the Parthenon were Ictinus and Callicrates. They built the temple for the Greek goddess Athena. They began building the temple in 447 B.C. and finished in 431 B.C. The Parthenon was still under construction when the Persians attacked the city.
At Babylon, Darius was met with closed gates and a series of defenses to keep him and his armies out. [20] Darius encountered mockery and taunting from the rebels, including the famous saying "Oh yes, you will capture our city, when mules shall have foals." For a year and a half, Darius and his armies were unable to retake the city, though he attempted many tricks and strategies—even copying that which Cyrus the Great had employed when he captured Babylon. However, the situation changed in Darius's favor when, according to the story, a mule owned by Zopyrus, a high-ranking soldier, foaled. Following this, a plan was hatched for Zopyrus to pretend to be a deserter, enter the Babylonian camp, and gain the trust of the Babylonians.
King Leonidas Leonidas was the king of Sparta at one time. He is most famous for leading the three hundred Spartans against the Persian army. He lived in the Peloponnesus and the city state of Sparta. Leonidas had a major impact in his time; he led troops to eliminate Persians to defend Sparta. Doing this Sparta and Athens won the war against the Persians, but ended up losing to Rome.
In three hundred and thirty five B.C (335 B.C), as general of the Greeks in a campaign against the Persians originally planned by his father, he carried out a successful campaign against the defecting Thracians, penetrating to the Danube River. When he returned, he defeated the Illyrians in a single week. In Thebes, he spared only the temples of the gods and the house of the Greek lyric poet Pindar. The eight
Galba was the first of the generals that were fighting for the throne to reach Rome and had himself proclaimed emperor. He was an old man of 75 when he became emperor.He was famous for the mistake that he refused top pay the soldiers the bonus that emperors usually paid them. Otho, a friend Galba had dissapointed, turned his soldiers against Galba and on January 16 69 AD Galba was killed and he only reigned for barely 7 months.The next emperor Marcus Salvius Otho, as soon as he became emperor Otho faced a revolt of his own as the praetorian guard supported him but the Legions in Germany supported a man named Vitellius. As a result ,the German legions marched on Rome to put Vitellius on the throne and to depose Otho.when he heard of this revolt, Otho sent his troops to fight Vitellius. Otho had sent his troops to late and his army suffered a horrible defeat.
It is located in Giza where it guards the front of Khafra's pyramid. The greatest monumental sculpture in the ancient world, the Sphinx is carved out of a single ridge of stone 240 feet (73 meters) long and 66 feet (20 meters) high. The sphinx is built of soft sandstone and would have disappeared long ago had it not been buried for so long. It was the first time that a pharaoh had been represented in this way with the body of a lion, even though this animal had symbolised royalty ancient Egypt’s beginnings around 3000 BC. The animal body of the Sphinx in fact represented the king’s triumphant strength.
Under Pericles leadership, Athens refused to back down and this war started. After 10 years of war, a truce cane in 421, but only lasted until 415. The last straw was when the Athenians launched a massive attack on Sicily. The expedition consisted of Athens, led by Alcibiades) attacking Sicily because they were the food providers for Sparta. Almost the whole Athenian army and navy was sent to cut off the supplies, however the plans backfired and Athens was greatly affected and barely recovered its military, finally in 405 the Spartan navy defeated Athenians in the battle of
After leaving Alexandria, Caesar swept his army through Asia Minor where he defeated the rebellious king Pharnaces is such plain fashion that he uttered described it in only a three words, "veni, vedi, vici" or "I came, I saw, I conquered." In October of 47 B.C., Caesar returned to Rome a great leader and war hero to complete his reign. In 44 B.C. he was named to his 5th consulship and in the same year became dictator for life. Unfortunately, this would not be as long of a reign as he anticipated.
Alexander's empire did not hold. The generals who succeeded him lacked his vision, and they spent the remainder of their careers fighting over the spoils of his conquests. Seleucus gained control over Persia, Mesopotamia, and Syria, where an empire under his name would rule for many years, and Ptolemy established a dynasty of even longer standing in Egypt. His descendants ruled until 30 B.C, when the last of his line, Cleopatra was defeated by a new and even bigger empire,
However, his dream of burning Athens to the ground would not be realized, and this lust for revenge would be passed down to his son Xerxes. In 480BC, Xerxes assembled the largest army the ancient world has ever seen. With around 300,000 men, he marched towards Greece with a navy following closely behind. As Xerxes marched toward Athens, they were met with a combined Greek force of 300 Spartans and 4000 free Greeks defending a narrow pass, nullifying the numerically superior Persian force. At the same time, the Persian navy attempted to sail behind the Greek forces and box them in.