Hitler achieved Nazi Germany’s single party state through the various stages of his accession to power. His first step in accession to power was through decrees; the “Emergency Decree”, suspended various parts of the constitution and “Enabling Act” for the “removal of the distress of people and state” the power to rule disregarding the constitution in order to deal with the problems confronting the nation this allowed Hitler to become a dictator. 1933 trade unions were abolished, to win the support of the working class and to control the organisation of labour. The ‘law against the Formation of New Parties’ declared that the Nazi’s were the only political party. 1934 all state parliaments were disbanded and power was transferred to the Reichstag.
They let Hitler rebuild and conquer again. One way that Hitler was able to rebuild Germany was by a society called S.A. The leader was Ernst Roehm and he was a very powerful leader during this time. The S.A was gaining too much power and was becoming a threat to Hitler’s power. Therefore Hitler had no other choice but to purge the Sturmabteilung or S.A. After World War 1 the Treaty of Versailles stated that Germany could have a standing army.
When Nationalism began in the 1800’s during the French Revolution it made a powerful impact that united Germany and Italy into nation-states, divided empires such as the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman, and led to the future outbreak of wars like the Franco-Prussian and Seven Week War with Austria. Nationalism was the force that caused unification of similar cultures, religions, languages, and traditions. The Levee en Masse brought out Nationalism in the French Revolution by stating, “The young men shall go forth to battle; the women will make tents, uniforms, and will serve in the hospitals; the old men will gather in public places to raise the courage of the warriors…” which encouraged the people to gather together to fight against the same enemy. (Document 1) Something else that encouraged the people to fight was the French National Anthem,
The years of 1919-1922 saw Benito Mussolini’s role a vital to the development of the Fascist movement as he exemplified his strength and supremacy in distinction to the weak liberal government within the period of three years. Pre 1919 and the year of 1919 saw Italy struggle through a period of social and political unrest where Italy was suffering from a bad economic slump, high rates of unemployment and anger from failed promises delivered by its Allies. Following the examples of “Action Francaise”, a counter-revolutionary movement, came the National Fascist Party, the leader being the only thing saving Italy, an arrogant man, Benito Mussolini. The First World War had left Italy with nothing but high inflation, high unemployment, large debts and the economy in a complete slump leading to social and political unrest. Influenced by the Russian Revolution of 1917, a series of strikes and revolts had broken out making Italy nothing but a ground for organised crime.
How significant was Mazzini in the growth of opposition to autocratic and foreign rule in Italy in the years 1831–49? (30) Mazzini was a republican nationalist who had a significant effect in the growth of anti-autocratic feeling in Italy. He had radical aims for the future of Italy and he envisioned unification. He was the first leader to indoctrinate in the minds of Italians a vision of political unification. Mazzini created the Young Italy society after the 1831 revolutions.
It maintained control through a mixture of propaganda and intimidation. 1. Government (Political Control) The way Hitler consolidated power in 1933-34 meant that the Nazis had complete control of national and regional government. (Political parties were banned - only the Nazi party is allowed to exist on 14th June 1933.) 2.
Mussolini easily achieved total power in Italy for more than twenty years with his charisma, “his extensive use of the mass media to construct an image of the leader” , and his manipulation of Italian bureaucracy. As Cardoza points out, without Mussolini’s tactical skills, charisma and ruthlessness it would be difficult to imagine the Fascist coming to power and ruling for so long in Italy. If we want to examine the Mussolini myth then we should go back to his years as a leader of Italian socialism. Among Italian socialists, Mussolini could command attention by fascinating the crowd. He was one of the foremost national leaders, and he acquired great popularity as a journalist and editor of the Socialist Party daily, Avanti!
Out of all the wars that the world has gone through, none has been more devastating as World War II. Although the definite origin or cause of this World War II can be argued over, some of the most popular reason till today remains the Appeasement, anger over Treaty of Versailles, the failure of peace efforts after World War I, the rise of Fascism, the goals of Hitler. Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in January 1933. Almost immediately he began secretly building up Germany's army and weapons. In 1934 he increased the size of the army, began building warships and created a German air force.
Early fascists theorised about this leader, for example Friedrich Nietzsche was a man who influenced fascism and theorised about an “Ubermensch” which loosely translates to the “superman” who he describes as a man who lives by his own will and morality. This was interpreted by most 20th century fascists as a theory that one man could have unquestionable leadership of a country, this is sown by both Hitler and Mussolini declaring themselves supreme rulers of their nations under the titles of “Der Fuhrer” and “Il Duce” respectively. Therefore showing that one of the most fundamental aspects of fascism is strong leadership and therefore the value placed on it is extremely high. Shown by most examples of fascism having been attempts at a totalitarian state in which the dictator has absolute power and control therefore these nations would not have survived without their leaders. Fascisms beliefs regarding class structure are extremely feudal as the elite in society take orders from the leader who then spread these orders across the masses.
Compare and Contrast Communism and Fascism In Europe around the 1940s, there were two major forms of government in the world, communism and fascism. The major nations that used these government forms include Germany, Italy and Russia. All said nations benefited very greatly from the use of these ideologies whereas both ideologies have many of the same principles and basically just as many opposing principles. The similarities and differences vary greatly in the fields of social and economic influences and the impact on religion throughout the areas. The basic principle of communism is that it depends on the government’s control of industry while Fascism is based on the pride of the society and on violence to create the ideal society through the eyes of the leader.