She is considered to be an expert in 20th-century African American history. She is the author or co-author of multiple books and articles over the civil rights and she has also spoken at many seminars and conventions. Her most recent book is The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks. This book tells the inspiring story of Rosa Parks and not only how she refused to move to the back of a bus, but how she sought out to completely eliminate racism in American schools, jobs, and public services. Theoharis sheds light on Rosa Parks’ political stands and thoughts, her many years of activism and how she essentially gave birth to the civil rights movement.
To show this I will discuss: force, confidentiality, safety, and a message. According to Simon, in 1963 in Birmingham, Alabama, the Civil Rights Movement continued to feel suppressive force from the government. Throughout that past year, Civil Rights Activists participated in “Project C”, and “March on Washington”, lead by Martin Luther King Jr. Simon States “Project C” was commonly known for the force the police inflicted on demonstrators of the African American community. Simon also states, that dogs, fire hoses, and jail time were used to disperse the peaceful demonstrators. Randall conveys the mother feelings about the streets of Birmingham to her daughter, in lines six through nine.
The book that I am reviewing is The Rebellious life of Mrs. Rosa Parks by Jeanne Theoharis. She is a professor of political science at Brooklyn College of the City University of New York. In this book she writes about Rosa Parks and her life up to her arrest on that fateful day on the 1st of December year 1955 and about her life after. Another point that’s written about is the infamous bus boycott that ultimately began the integration of multiple public institutions. The purpose for Jeanne Theoharis to write this book was tell the story of a national hero who fought the racial injustice during that time period.
The Real Rosa Parks Rosa Parks is the women who wouldn’t move to the back of the bus and give her seat up in the white section to a white person. This started a boycott on the buses in Montgomery, and made lots of controversy. Rosa earned the title “Mother of the civil right movement” by refusing to give up her seat. Before any of this happened she spent 12 years doing things with her local NAACP chapter, along with other activist. Rosa attended training sessions at the Tennessee Labor and Civil Right School while there; she familiarized herself with previous challenges to segregation.
Days of rioting followed, which brought to light the true racial divide in the neighborhood. This story hit close to home because my mother lived and had her medical practice in the center of the entire melee. During the riots her medical office served as a makeshift triage for some of the many people injured. She was actually interviewed for this film, but did not make the final cut because of protest from me for fear of retribution. My fears were based on my ignorance of the situation as I was twelve hundred miles away at school in Gainesville Florida.
In 1960 the students of Duke University was having a sit- in and Mulholland joined them. Mulholland then dropped out of school and went to Washington and bean to work and participated in the local movement by NAG. She believed that whites should help with the movement. Mulholland applied to black schools and was accepted to Tougaloo southern Christian College. Mulholland was participating in a Freedom Ride where she was arrested, she chose to stay in jail until school started to pay off her fines.
Growing Up Black Rosa Parks lived in Pine Level, Alabama very early in her life but later moved to Montgomery, Alabama to live with her maternal grandparents. From an early age she knew inequality wasn’t fair and protested against any ill treatment ever since she was young. She says that it was mostly from her grandfather she learned not to, “put up with bad treatment from anybody. It was passed down almost in our genes”. Her grandfather was half white and half black.
What was the short term significance of Rosa Parks? Rosa Parks was a 42 year-old seamstress that, through a simple act of defiance would kick start the Civil rights Movement in America. In 1955, she began the chain of events by refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger. This sparked outrage in the African-American community and was met with a boycott that would become the most famous boycott in the struggle for Black rights in America, commencing on the December 1st 1955 until Dec. 20th 1956. She was made a figure-head of the NAACPs cases as unlike many others (such as Claudette Colvin) was the ‘perfect’ citizen regardless of colour.
CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE USA The Boston Tea Party was one of the most famous acts of civil disobedience in American history. Susan B. Anthony was arrested for illegally voting in the United States House of Representatives elections, 1872 in order to protest female disenfranchisement.Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr, James Bevel, Rosa Parks, and other activists in the American Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s used civil disobedience techniques. Among the most notable civil disobedience events in the U.S. occurred when Rosa Parks refused to move on the bus when a white man tried to take her seat. Although 15-year old Claudette Colvin had done the same thing nine months earlier, Parks' action led directly to the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Rosa Parks, often identified as the mother of the modernday civil rights movement, played a pivotal role in the Montgomery Presents a precedent/example as evidence bus boycott in December 1955. When Parks refused to give up her seat to a white bus rider, she was arrested, and this incident inspired the boycott. For more than a year, the vast majority of African Americans in Montgomery chose to walk instead of ride the buses. Many of them were terrorized or harassed, but the boycott Source: Andrea A. Lunsford, The St. Martin’s Handbook, 6th ed. (Boston: Bedford/St.