The Psychology of Criminal Conduct

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The Psychology of Criminal Conduct Do people really think before they commit crimes or do they act impulsively? Are their personalities preprogrammed by genetics or do today’s criminals commit crimes because of the stressful environment they are in? The psychology of criminal conduct looks into the non-biological based actions of criminality to see if humans actually choose to commit crimes and deal with the consequences of their actions. Edwin Sutherland believed that there are environmental consequences that affect how someone behaves. According to Sutherland, “Criminal behavior is learned according to the principles of operant conditioning.” These operant behaviors involve the processes of conditioning. In conditioning, criminals may begin stealing little things like gum or pens from a drug store and never get caught. Then they could move on to cd’s and movies. If they continue to not get caught, they may begin to think that stealing is easy, and move on to larger more expensive things such as jewelry or money. If they have been involved in stealing food without being caught, they have been positively reinforced that they have been able to have food to eat. Being caught for stealing would then be viewed as a negative reinforcement for their actions. Or suppose a person wants to become a member of a gang and their initiation involves stealing a car. They steal the car, show it to the gang members so they can get in, and then set the car on fire to destroy evidence so they don’t get caught. The person here has chosen to risk being arrested for stealing a car to be involved in this social organization. Gangs have a reputation for being antisocial and are looked upon as having law-violating behavior. With these scenarios in mind, it can be viewed that criminal behavior can occur from social interactions as well as nonsocial situations.
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