The lack of education leads to further development of barriers such as a financial barrier and poor lifestyle that makes them unable to provide for themselves and their child. Most jobs that do not require a high school diploma only offer a minimum wage and do not offer adequate benefits to meet all medical needs. “key indicators of health, infant mortality rates and low-birth weight rates, were elevated when infants were born to mothers who were less educated” (Flores et al,1998). Considering that statement I believe that the biggest barrier affecting this vulnerable population’s health is education. Vulnerable mothers that do not finish getting their education become discouraged and loose the motivation and drive to tackle the oncoming challenges that life brings, creating for them another barrier on the micro level; it being a financial barrier.
Just a few years before this document was written such events as the Massacre at Wounded Knee happened, I believe this was just too fresh in the minds of government officials that they didn’t want to risk having another situation similar to this with the Chinese. There were some very relevant points to be considered such as the Chinese were only contributing their wages to society if it was absolutely necessary for their survival. They would live in the worst of conditions and eat as little as possible to try to save as much as they could to take back to their families in China. This is a very real problem because they start to become leeches, for lack of a better word, and they put none of their wages back into the US economy. This could in turn hurt the economy if too many of the immigrants were living this kind of
“Racism in U.S. Welfare Policy: A Human Rights Issue” (75)  “poverty is regarded as a result of individual choices, behaviors, and failing- “personal responsibility”- not as a structural social dynamic.” (76) “Criminalizing Trends in the Welfare System” (85)  “At the same time that a rising number of women of color were being convicted on drug-related felony charges, the welfare rules in many states changed to exclude individuals with felony convictions from receiving various government benefits.” (86)  “These stereotypes hold not only that black women are to blame for failing to socialize their children and run their communities properly, but also that they are to blame for giving birth to the young men, and increasingly the young women, who often wind up in the criminal justice system. According to these views low income women of color embody and breed criminality.” (86)  “Finally, recent developments in welfare administration conflate poverty and crime, and manifest a widespread assumption that welfare recipients are latent criminals.”
The policy was established to improve social, economic and environmental problems in China, as well to reduce the rapid growth of China’s population. It is known that from 1979 to 2011, China has prevented 400 million births. The One Child Policy was introduced to china for many reasons. One reason would be to supply China’s people. Like every other country, China has a limited amount of food, water, shelter and education; it does not have enough resources to supply the whole country, especially if the one child policy was never introduced.
Article 25 says that “The state promotes family planning so that population growth may fit the plans for economic and social development”, and Article 49 states that “Both husband and wife have the duty to practice family planning”. In fact, the constitution cannot enforce jurisdiction directly in China, so the government has published many treaties, rules and ordinances to execute this policy, and finally in 2001, there was a law for family planning. However, as there is a serious decline of newborns and the population growth was slow down, China has lost benefits because of the large population. This means that the labor cost is gradually becoming higher, and the productivity of the whole country is a slowing down. Also, the aging society has become a big problem in China, which is only a developing country.
Although the spread of the ‘disease’ is a result of many issues, it is the purpose of this paper to discuss the socio-cultural factors that increase women’s vulnerability to HIV. It shall be evident that emphasis shall be on Africa, and more specifically Sub-Saharan Africa. Social factors place women around the world at increased risk for HIV. The decreased economic power of women, compounded by reduced social and legal rights, has a number of consequences in the context of HIV/AIDS [amfAR Aids Research (2008)]. Some of the consequences include the fact that women and girls may be forced to marry or are coerced into unequal relationships as a means of economic support.
If a family ignores the policy, and has more than one child, they will have to pay a large fine; can lose their job, and any bonuses at work. The policy has a few exceptions, for example people with no siblings are allowed more than one child, along with rural families, ethnic minorities, and foreigners living in china. In rural areas, families can apply for a second child if their first child is a girl, disabled or has a mental illness. The policy caused a drop in fertility rate, from 3 children per woman in 1980, to 1.54 children per woman in 2011. Chinese authorities consider the policy, a great success, as it was estimated that China had three to four hundred million less people in 2008 than it would have done, had the policy not been introduced.
Despite the rigorous efforts to redefine the female identity in China, women occupy inferior positions both at society and family levels. Our family is not exceptional; my mother is obliged to surrender her salary to my father, then my father hands my mother just enough money to cover our domestic budget and keeps the balance in his bank account. My mother can take charge none consequential obligations like purchasing daily item and clothing, but bigger financial decisions, such as buying automobiles are first discussed with my father. Conversely, my father can buy anything without consulting with us. He also maintains a small balance for household budget because he thinks my mother lacks business knowledge to manage cash.
Individuals with lower levels of education tend to deal with economic problems. In this fast growing and demanding era, living cost can be an issue for those who cannot meet the demand. The rent, utilities bills, food and not to mention when it comes to family with children; the diapers, formula, you name it, these basic necessity can be a burden for lower income parents. According to Bureau of Labor Statistic, the median weekly earning of people with no degree is $638 and the percentage of unemployment is 33%. This is due to the lack of interest by the organization to take them as employee.
by the rises in prices, there are lots of poor people who don’t have money to go to the big hospital, but there is no doctor wants to work in township hospital, because they can’t get lots of money from that hospital. There is a shortage of doctors and nurses in China. More doctors are being trained, but most aim to leave the countryside in favor of the cities, leaving significant shortages in rural areas. * Education In old China the entire premise of