Also visible in this cathedral are the very calculated and geometrical compound piers which, according to Pitt University, are types of piers that are composed not of single members but have shafts, half-columns, or pilaster strips attached to them. These piers, along with magnificent stone relics and reliefs, allowed for the common person to come into the cathedral and fully experience the wonderment of their God, even being illiterate; as many people were back in the 1000s. Many of these features are shared in the later, Gothic architectural style that started in the late 1200s. Gothic cathedrals share the same grandeur as
The building of huge cathedrals in the middle ages was seen as a reflection of faith. Churches started to give out indulgences- forgiveness of sins to people who helped to build the cathedrals, so often instead of going on crusades people became dedicated to building
There are many gothic churches that are still found throughout Europe today. The first church is probably one of the best known for its Gothic style. This church is named the Abbey Church of Saint-Denis. The Abbey Church of Saint-Denis is located near Paris, France. Between 1135 and 1137 this church began to be rebuilt from a fire that it suffered through.
Taking up her words as a battle cry, imperial forces under Belisarius crushed the rebels. As soon as order was restored, Justinian and Theodora embarked on a building campaign that overshadowed any in the city since the reign of Constantine two centuries earlier” (Stokstad, Art History 309). 2. “Justinian chose two scholar-theoreticians, Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, to rebuild Hagia Sophia as an embodiment of imperial power and Christian glory. Anthemius was a specialist in geometry and optics, and Isidorus a specialist in physics who had also studied vaulting.
Chapter Three: On the Magical Medieval City The primary generative force of magical medieval cities is security. Most settlements begin in the shadow of strongholds, towers, castles, or great churches. As these settlements grow in size and number, coupled with an increase in population and trade from newfound stability, a network of towns, cities, and their surrounding villages appear on the map. But security is not the only generative force for cities. Commerce is another generative force that can take a village and progress it to an urban environment and there is also town creation by decree, where a section of land is given certain rights, declared urban, and formed from the ground up, typically in less than a decade’s time.
The castle served as a home, a fortress, an outpost, and a safe haven for when under attack. They were also a very vital role in securing territory. Thanks to the pioneering design of the medieval castle they are one of the most fortified structures to date. The blood, sweat, tears, thoughts, dreams, perseverance, and innovative ideas involved in the making of a castle has greatly influenced modern architecture. The history behind these marvelous structure as well as the construction, and defenses involved in them attract tourists from all over the world.
Most historians believe Emperor Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa built the first Pantheon in 27BC, though no one knows its exact age. It was a T-shaped structure that burned in the great fire of 80AD. Was rebuilt again by Emperor Domitian and struck by lightning and burned again in 110AD. In 120AD Emperor Hadrian began elaborate plans for the Pantheon that still stands today. It has three main parts the entrance portico, the domed rotunda (vault), and the connection between the two (Parker, 2009).
An excellent example of this is the work that was carried out on cathedrals in Medieval Europe. Towards last few years of the medieval period, architecture was not just fuelled by religious motivations but also began to develop a sense of ambition and innovation. It was considered a highly specialized endeavour that received respect and admiration from the society. This elevated master masons to a higher social status. Some of them, though most likely from lower sections of the society, found themselves in the company of men of great power and influence.
The first gallery, the Whispering Gallery, just inside the dome, is renowned for its acoustics. The second gallery is the Stone Gallery and the third is the narrow Golden Gallery, encircling the lantern's base. The baroque interior is just as imposing as the exterior of the church. The mosaics on the ceiling were added in 1890 by William Richmond after Queen Victoria complained that there was not enough color in the cathedral. Several famous people are entombed in the cathedral's crypt.
TASK 1 1.1 Explain key historic developments in the travel and tourism sector that affected development of United Kingdom as a major generator of Tourism. United Kingdom is a well-known country by all over the world because of its unique culture and the history. Many countries were ruled by the English people for a long time. Because of this reason the United Kingdom is very popular among the overseas people. After the world war 2 there are major developments in many industries such as banking, government industries and etc… the service giving industries such as Travel and Tourism, hospitality, medical, health and beauty are becoming more and more popular among the people.