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The Measure of Civilization: How Social Development Decides the Fate of Nations Hide Details How Social Development Decides the Fate of Nations ------ The Measure of Civilization: How Social Development Decides the Fate of Nations Published by EH.Net (February 2013) Ian Morris, The Measure of Civilization: How Social Development Decides the Fate of Nations. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013. xvi + 381 pp. $30 (cloth), ISBN: 978-0-691-15568-5. Reviewed for EH.Net by Eric Jones, La Trobe University. Ian Morris is one of the most energetic researchers around, one of the most ambitious and one of the most talented. Not content with narrative observations on world history, he tries in this book to ground them by measuring four traits: energy capture (the output of food, fuel and raw materials), organization, the capacity to make war, and information technology. Of the four, energy capture bulks largest in the combined result, which he calls a Social Development Index. Data, or proxies for data, are identified and graphed at regular intervals over the entire 16,000 years since the Ice Age. Social development is defined as an amalgam of material production, organization, culture (elsewhere dismissed), and offense and defense. Morris’s gloss is that his index charts what people have accomplished in the process of “getting things done” in the world. It is total history, based on a colossal effort at consistent measurement. There are further purposes, chief of which is comparing the performance of East and West, the latter being something of a double-yolked egg since it includes the Middle East. Power, notably the West’s supposed domination of the world, is treated as going hand-in-hand with economic success. There is a bow towards the fashionable downplaying of the West’s achievement. Rather more elliptical is the intoning of its bleak
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