5) Why did the Spanish ultimately opt to use African as slaves over the Amerindians? 6) What new ethnicities were born out of the trade of peoples between the Old and New World? Your discussion should focus on Creoles, Mestizos and Mulattos. 7) Compare and Contrast European settlements in Latin America and those in North American. 8) What was indentured servitude and how did it differ from the Latin labor system of the encomienda?
Chapter 20 Study Guide Vocabulary: 1. Factories - Portuguese trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce 2. El Mina - most important of early Portuguese trading factories in the forest zone of Africa. 3. Royal African Company - chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies Barbados, Jamaica, and Virginia 4. triangular trade - commerce linking Africa, the new world colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar, and tobacco transported to Europe 5.
These codes gave slave-owners absolute power over the African slaves. The Stono Rebellion (sometimes called Cato's Conspiracy or Cato's Rebellion) was a slave rebellion that commenced on 9 September 1739, in the colony of South Carolina. It was the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies prior to the American Revolution. [1] Stono-One of the earliest known organized rebellions in the present United States, the uprising was led by native Africans who were Catholic and likely from the Kingdom of Kongo, which had been Catholic since 1491 Mercantilism is the economic doctrine that government control of foreign trade is of paramount importance for ensuring the prosperity and military security of the state. In particular, it demands a positive balance of trade.
Sub-Saharan Africa had much longer exposure to Islamic culture influences than to European cultural influences. Scholars and merchants learned to use the Arabic language to communicate with visiting North Africans and to read the Quran. Islamic beliefs and practices as well as Islamic legal and administrative systems were prominent in African trading cities on the southern edge of the Saharan and on the Swahili coast. During the three and a half centuries of contact between Europe and Africa before 1800, Africans yielded minimal territory to Europeans. Local African kings scrutinized the European trading posts that they permitted along the Gold and Slave Coasts and collected profitable rents and fees from these traders and merchants.
In Sparks’s writing, the Robin Johns’ story allows us "to translate those statistics (of the slave trade) into people" (5). The Robin Johns’ enslavement and liberation resulted from their active roles as slave traders at the West African region of Old Calabar. Ephraim Robin John and Ancona Robin John were members of the elite Efik slave traders of Old Calabar and participated in the Ekpe secret society that governed the commercial relations with Atlantic traders. As Old Calabar grew from a small town in the late seventeenth century to one of the most important slave trading regions of the eighteenth century, Efik traders such as the Robin Johns came to
According to the 1705 law, all blacks, mulattoes, and Native Americans, all non-Christian persons brought into the colonies as servants (even should they later convert to Christianity) were considered slaves, (PBS, 2004). The Code Noir (The Black Code) was the legalized law for slavery regarding the Islands of French America. The French law was from the King of France. The French was set up to maintain the discipline of the Roman, Catholic, and Apostolic Faith in the islands (Code Noir). The British Law was enacted by Virginia's House of Burgesses, as a colony all laws were subjected to review by the King of England, the British courts did recognize the status of slaves in the colonies and use common and commercial law concepts to enforce sales contracts or marine policies involving the buying, selling, and shipment of African slaves, (Finkelman, 2012).
Topic 2: Compare and contrast slavery as it existed in Africa, the New Word, and the Ottoman Empire. The history of slavery covers many different forms of human development and exploitation across many cultures throughout history. From the earliest known history of Africa, slavery existed. West African history encounters a major turning point with the introduction of the European slave trade. Although personal slavery existed as a cultural mechanism, its use was never as intensive as chattel slavery in the New World.
The slaveholding system had become self-sufficient and this dictated the end of many tribal practices among black slaves. Blake, by Martin R. Delany, takes place in the antebellum period in America. One may realize that most of the slaves depicted in the novel are now converted to Christianity, their masters’ religion. The problem here is that this conversion is nothing less than a subversive way to control the group of slaves in the Franks plantation. Master Frank uses religion to pour fear and obedience in his slaves’ minds.
Goals of Imperialism were spreading Christianity for civilization and commerce. Because of brutal imperialism, Berlin Congress was held in 1884. They established rules for conquest of Africa and agreed to stop slavery and slave trade in Africa. By 1880, Europeans controlled 10% of Africa, but by 1914, they controlled all except Liberia and Ethiopia. In Asia, China was broken into many species and controlled by many European countries, such as Britain, France, Germany and Russia.
So the Yankees couldn’t bring no more over, or just couldn’t call the Africans “slaves”. In 1820’s, a measures passed by the U.S. Congress to end the first of a series of crises concerning the extension of slavery, called the Missouri Compromise. It wasn’t till 1863 when President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring "that all persons held as slaves" within the Confederate states "are, and henceforward shall be free." According to Multicultural Law Enforcement pg 169 It was the Civil War reconstruction era where police and African Americans problems started. Police and Military were required to return runaways.