Outline and evaluate two risk factors of addiction (10) One risk factor to developing an addiction is peer pressure. Peers influence attitudes and consequently alter behaviour of a certain individual, particularly at younger age. Peers will create positive attitudes towards the addictive behaviour favoured by the group e.g. smoking, which means that the individual is more likely to conform to that behaviour. Most people will conform to the group activities as they have a desire to be accepted and avoid rejection.
If another person has positive experiences because of smoking, an individual is more likely to do it also. This is especially effective at explaining why teenagers smoke because if they see their peers smoking and they are seen to be ‘cool’ they are more likely to smoke also. The smoking is maintained because users constantly fluctuate between positive and negative experiences and therefore will not quit if they are feeling positive. In terms of relapse, the model states that a user will relapse because they are faced through classical conditioning with cues associated with their
While this question has been widely debated, there have been studies done to prove the effects of how a certain advertisement does effect the American youth. This essay is going to look at how alcohol advertisements affect the decisions of underage drinkers. Though advertisers say they are not intending to target America’s youth, their ads certainly do not avoid targeting them either. In this essay there will be some information that shows a relationship between the advertisements and the use of alcohol by underage drinkers. In understanding the scope of the problem, is to first see how prevalent the problem is.
To advocate messages that teenagers can directly relate to and perceive as a more realistic outcome, the campaign’s focus changed from risks of marijuana abuse to the fact that marijuana usage impacts on achieving aspirations. This message proved to be more successful which shows that the TPB has good ecological validity as it can be applied to real life situations. However campaigns like this view all teenagers as the same so the campaign doesn’t take individual differences into account. Also, factors other than intention can determine behaviour however this model doesn’t take this into account. For example, in real life situations, irrational determinants of human behaviour like strong desires and compelling emotions can lead people to act irrationally and carry out an unintentional behaviour e.g.
My Response: Yes, I think ads are effective towards teens because you see teens making choice or buying things based off of what they saw from the ad. Especially, when a celebrity is advertising the product that they want to purchase it makes them want that item even more. Ads in today’s society are not that ethical. They are trying to sell their product to everyone not just to a specific type
Many advertisements use relationships as a way to sell products such as cigarettes and alcohol. For example, an ad may show a couple smoking a cigarette together in a social situation. These advertisements tend to work because addicts then start to see their addiction as a romance or a friendship (Kilbourne,1999). Rather than valuing the relationships they had before their addiction developed, addicts start to put their relationship between their
I strongly believe the confronting, forceful way some advertisements, such as the new 2013 campaign Breathless do convince a small portion of society to quit. I think the harsh reality that these advertisements demonstrate would be hard to ignore. However that is only a small portion of people affected by these shocking advertisements, the rest of the population switch television stations. I see people buying cigarette packets all the time. I often think how can they buy these packets when the pictures on them are awful.
It associates meanings of words arouse feeling and attitudes that position the reader. Making the reader feel that smoking is everyone’s problem and it is an urgent matter that everyone should work together to fix the problem. The editor uses inclusive language “we” so the reader is positioned to agree with the writer because it appeals to their desire to belong to the group or play on their fears of being ‘left out ’ or regarded as an outsider. The editor uses statistics “Young adults were significantly more likely to be regular smokers (26.2%) than Victorians aged 50 years or more (10.5%) and tended to be more likely to smoke than those aged between 30-49 years (21.2%)” to impress the reader and to give
C. Current perceptions of flavored cigarettes: the youth is attracted to candy flavors and are more prone to purchasing cigarettes due to flavor. It is also said that it contributes to youth becoming regular smokers. Young smokers believe that flavored cigarettes are less harmful than non-flavored cigarettes. They are just as addictive and have the same harmful effects as regular cigarettes. II.
In order to get a mass of information out to people my campaign would need to focus on placing ads in places where people are smoking and produce materials to be passed out in places that they frequent. Once the information is handed out a buzz could be created to convince people to adhere to the feat of quitting. I would focus on material that showed them how empowering quitting can be and that as a low-income community they don’t have to buy into the ads being sold to them. This is where the promotion side of the marketing mix is the most