The Family as a Social Institution

1049 Words5 Pages
A social institution, defined within the social sciences, is the structure and/or mechanism of a social order which governs the behaviour of a particular set of people within a group. Social institutions can be actively seen, though are not limited to, within a family, religion or workplace. Other examples may also include the media, language and even the legal and penal systems. A basic account of institutional theory is one that primarily focuses on various aspects of a social structure and considers the processes these structures takes; be it rules, routines, schemes or other means, to become established as an acceptable normality or guideline for social behaviour. The different components of institutional theory help to explain, over a timeline study, are created through to the eventual decline and disuse of the structure. The family can be defined as a set of people related by blood, marriage, or in some other agreed upon relationship, or adoption, who share primary responsibility for reproduction and caring for other members of society. (Schaefer, 2009) This piece of writing will analyse the social institution of the family, using both the Marxist and the functionalist perspectives. It will then conclude with which is more relevant in today’s society. Functionalists believe that society can be compared to the human body – this is called human analogy. They believe that society can be likened in this way because every part is vital in order for it function properly. Functionalists state that the family is one of the most important parts of society as it helps with primary socialisation – teaching the social norms and values to children. One key functionalist, Murdock, stated that the nuclear family serves four vital functions, these being; sexual, reproductive, economic and educational (which can also be labelled as socialisation). These functions can be
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