Explain the problems involved in bringing the Great Schism to an end. How were these problems overcome? Beginning in 1378 and lasting until 1414, the Great Schism split the loyalties of the Church and Christendom between a number of Popes. Beginning after the College of Cardinals elected two conflicting Popes (one in Rome and one in Avignon) in 1378; the ending of the Schism proved to be problematic. These problems can be divided into two major components.
For example in the Lincoln Articles it states that the rebels wanted “an end to suppression of religious houses” and “bishops in England do not have… the faith of Christ”. Furthermore in the Pontefract Articles, it is said that the rebels wanted “the Pope as the Supreme Head of the Church of England”, “to end the heresies within this realm.” This shows that the Pilgrimage was a reaction from the peasants after the Break with Rome. Moreover the rebels marched behind the Five Wounds of Christ, showing that the peasants were heavily influenced by religion. Also, in the 16th century religion held communities together as people prayed and paid for the rituals of the Church, so the dissolution would have affected this. Historian Geoffrey Elton says that the uprising was religious and associated with Catherine of Aragon.
On 23 June you wished to dictate the laws to the nation; you surrounded its representatives with troops; you presented them with two royal declarations, subversive of every liberty, and you ordered them to separate. Your declarations and the minutes of the Assembly established these outrages undeniably. 3. You caused an army to march against the citizens of Paris; your satellites caused their blood to flow, and you withdrew this army only when the capture of the Bastille and the general insurrection apprised you that the people were victorious. The discourses that you gave on 9, 12, and 14 July to diverse deputations from the Constituent Assembly indicated your intentions, and the massacres of the Tuileries stood as evidence against you.
How far was the Catholic Church in Germany ripe for reform before 1517? There are many contributing factors as to how ripe the Catholic Church was for reformation, one of these was the corruption of the Church. To the people at the time, priests were incredibly important; they had the responsibility of preventing souls from going to hell and were the only ones who could administer the sacraments which would guarantee salvation. However, usually priests would only do this in exchange for money which led the church to be riddled with abuses as the priests only seemed interested in amassing wealth rather than taking care of their parishioners spiritually. Other abuses included simony, nepotism, pluralism and absenteeism.
This was resented in Germany because it seemed hard to obtain salvation and live a spiritual life when the representatives of Christianity were dishonest. The problems with the papacy were numerous; the Popes did not set a good example. To become Pope technically you have to be elected but wealthy Italian families, such as the Borgias and Medicis, gained the position through bribery. They were politicians who wanted to increase their family fortunes and not be a spiritual leader. For example, Alexander VI was a Borgia who gained his position by bribing of the College of Cardinals.
This was resented in Germany because it seemed hard to obtain salvation and live a spiritual life when the representatives of Christianity were dishonest. The problems with the papacy were numerous; the Popes did not set a good example. To become Pope technically you have to be elected but wealthy Italian families, such as the Borgias and Medicis, gained the position through bribery. They were politicians who wanted to increase their family fortunes and not be a spiritual leader. For example, Alexander VI was a Borgia who gained his position by bribing of the College of Cardinals.
POPE LEO THE GREAT AND ATTILA THE HUN. The Western Roman Empire of the 5th century A.D. was only a reminiscence of the Empire former greatness. Corruption filled the government, which taxed its citizens so heavily that some fled beyond the Empire’s borders to live among the “barbarians.” Rome’s economy was wracked by the gradual loss of their conquered territories. The use of mercenaries had debilitated the once-invincible Roman Army. Rome sought peace through gold rather than by military might, paying some of the barbarian leaders to remains outside the Empire’s borders.
He remained there until his death around 1123. In Guiberts book, A Monks Confession, there are multiple themes that appear throughout the middle ages. Three of them that stood out to me in the book were; simony, fear of the devil, and corruption of those with power. Simony, in the Middle Ages, was viewed as a very serious offense for those who chose to live the monastic life. It was first addressed as a problem during the Gregorian reform, when Pope Leo IX condemned the bishop of Sutri for simony and the bishop then died on the spot (Bennett pg.
• The situation in Rome toward the end of the Republican period was that the country’s senate had lost majority of its power. The senate had become corrupt, divided and inefficient due to the powerful generals who commanded legions and extorted Rome. • Octavian’s rise to power and the establishment of the Augustan principate became a reality due to many factors, tactics and challenges conquered by the now great historical figure and leader. The impact of Caesar’s death, the formation of the Second Triumvirate, the settlements of 27BC and 23BC as well as Octavian’s manipulation, powers and titles in the new form of government all contributed to the result of Octavian’s power and influence over Rome. Body: • The impacts of Caesar’s death on Octavian were the Senate’s arrangement and his inheritance.
Throughout the 700s to 800's, the Catholic Church underwent many transformative experiences that brought it on track to be the Catholic Church we are a part of today. It began with the Byzantine growing less effective in protecting Rome because of threats from the Germanic tribe of the Lombards. The Church sought help of the called the Franks for protection. When the Pope Stephen II at first turned to Charles Martel, he found nothing in it for him to help the church. It was not until his successor, Pepin, saw it differently and decided to unite forces with the papacy.