* An electrogenic pump is a transport protein that generates voltage across a membrane * Animal- sodium/potassium * Plants- proton pump Understand how a co-transporter works. Where you likely find one? Understand how large molecules and particles are transported across membranes including the role of Vesicles. What is meant by endocytosis? There are several types – what are they and how do they differ?
Materials and Methods Part 1 For the cation elimination test first 10 drops of potassium, iron (III), zinc (II), copper (II), and cobalt (II) were added to 5 centrifuge tubes and the color was recorded. Then for the metal hydroxide test, 6 M NaOH was added drop wise till a precipitate was formed. Each solution except potassium formed a precipitate, so then 10 additional drops of NaOH were added to the remaining solutions. Tubes were cleaned with distilled water and 6 M HCL. Next was the ammonia test 10 drops of each metal solution were added to new centrifuge tubes and 15 M NH4OH was added until the solution changed color or a precipitate was formed.
Michele Harman BI 112 Cell Biology March 3, 2009 Lab Report Final Draft The Rate of Reaction of Catecholase and Various pH Levels Purpose of Experiment To determine how the pH levels 3, 7, 9 affect the rate of reaction of the enzyme catecholase and its substrate catechol. Introduction The cells of living organisms are constantly performing thousands of chemical reactions to complete necessary functions and processes. These chemical reactions are required to happen extremely fast and precisely in order for cells to function properly. For cells to do this, they need to lower the activation energy. Activation energy is the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
Electrons can now continue to move through PSII and the cytochrome b6 f complex, and oxygen is produced in the water-splitting reaction. 34. Bioenergetics of Photophosphorylation The steady-state concentrations of ATP, ADP, and Pi in isolated spinach chloroplasts under full illumination at pH 7.0 are 120.0, 6.0, and 700.0 mM, respectively. (a) What is the free-energy requirement for the synthesis of 1 mol of ATP under these conditions? (b) The energy for ATP synthesis is furnished by light-induced electron transfer in the chloroplasts.
Bring the contents of the distillation flask to a gentle reflux (i.e., vapors are condensing in the first ¼ to 1/3 of the vertical condenser and dripping constantly back into the flask below). Maintain this reflux for 10 minutes, then increase the heat in order to distill the liquid into the collection flask, then the column, and even the distillation head with aluminum foil (shiny side IN). Continue distillation of the cyclohexene product until the volume in the distillation flask is reduced to about 1 mL. Ask the instructor to assist you in removing the heat source and sand bath for the almost empty flask; use Ove Gloves and/or clamps to avoid burns. |
Materials and Methods Part 1 – Cation Tests Potassium, iron (III), zinc (II), copper (II), and cobalt (II) cation solutions were made subject to two elimination tests involving the addition of sodium hydroxide in one and ammonium hydroxide in the other. Approximately 10 drops of each cation solution were placed in 10 different centrifuge tubes. To begin the sodium hydroxide test, 6M NaOH solution was added to one sample of each cation solution until either a precipitate was formed or until 20 drops were added. An additional 10 drops of 6M NaOH was added to each solution in which a precipitate formed and the solutions were shaken lightly to aid in the mixing of the reaction. To begin the ammonium hydroxide test, 15M NH4OH was added to one sample of each cation solution until the formation of a precipitate was observed, with care not to exceed 20 drops.
Epinephrine . Melatonin . Glucagon 25. Which hormone secreted by the pituitary gland functions to make the tubules more permeable to water, thereby increasing water’s absorption? A. Atrial Natriuretic Hormone B. Anti Diuretic Hormene C. Follicle Stimulating Hormone D. Insulin Like Growth Factor 26.
Yahoo!, 05 Nov. 2012. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. . In this medical experiment, 130 patients already on high doses of cholesterol-lowering statins were used as the experimental units for the drug RN316 which aims to lower the cholesterol level of the patients who use it. Notably, these experimental units were people who had an increased LDL level due to their previous regular use of other cholesterol-lowering drugs.
The breath test relies on the ability of H. pylori to break down the naturally occurring chemical, urea, into carbon dioxide which is absorbed from the stomach and eliminated from the body in the breath. Ten to 20 minutes after swallowing a capsule containing a minute amount of radioactive urea, a breath sample is collected and analyzed for radioactive carbon dioxide. The presence of radioactive carbon dioxide in the breath (a positive test) means that there is active infection. The test becomes negative (there is no radioactive carbon dioxide in the breath) shortly after eradication of the bacterium from the stomach with antibiotics. Since some individuals are concerned about even minute amounts of radioactivity the breath test has been modified so that it also may be performed with urea that is not
Calcium ions then spread into the synaptic bulb, and Ach is released by vesicles into the synaptic cleft. Na+ ions go into the channels and K+ leaves. Na+ sets up action potential on the sarcolemma, and the muscle fiber is provoked. The action potential travels to the T tubules, and Ca2+ is released into the sarcoplasm. Ca2+ binds to the troponin, which results in a movement in the tropomyosin.